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!colspan="2" style="background:yellow;text-align:center"|'''<big>Pope Clement</big>'''
!colspan="2" style="background:yellow;text-align:center"|'''<big>Pope Clement</big>'''
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|Papacy Began: 88
|Papacy Began: <br> A.D. 88 or 92
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|Papacy Ended: <br>97
|Papacy Ended: <br> 97 or 101
Predecessor: <br>[[Pope Anacletus|Saint Anacletus]]
Predecessor: <br>[[Pope Anacletus|Saint Anacletus]]
Successor: <br>[[Pope Evaristus]]
Successor: <br>[[Pope Evaristus]]
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|-
| <hr>
| <hr>
|}Saint '''Clement''', [[martyr]], also known as '''[[Clement of Rome]]''' was elected [[Bishop of Rome]] and [[pope]] in 88, the third successor after the martyrdom of [[Saint Peter]]. He is famous for the ''Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians'' attributed to him, as written in the name of the Church of Rome to the Church of the Corinthians addressing the controversy of [[schism]] among the younger [[clergy]] and admonishing them to humility and obedience under threat of [[sin]]ning against God if they dared to disobey this letter as the word of God. He restored the [[sacrament]] of [[confirmation]] according to the rite of Saint Peter. To his time is attributed the use of "[[Amen]]" in [[Religion|religious]] ceremonies. He was banished by Emperor [[Trajan]] to [[Pontus]], and was thrown into the sea with an anchor around his neck.
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Saint '''Clement I''', [[Pope]] and [[martyr]], was a [[Roman]], also known as '''[[Clement of Rome]]''' ''Clemens Romanus'', so as not to be confused with the 3rd century Clement of Alexandria<ref>[http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/clement.html Clement of Alexandria - Early Christian Writings (182-202) (earlychristianwritings.com)]</ref>. He was elected [[Bishop of Rome]] in 88, the third successor after the martyrdom of [[Saint Peter]]. He succeeded [[Pope Anacletus|Saint Cletus]] as pope from 88 to 97, or from 92 to 101, and is considered to be the first of the three chief [[Apostolic Fathers]] of the Church, together with [[Polycarp of Smyrna]] and [[Ignatius of Antioch]].
Bishop Saint [[Irenaeus of Lyons]] lists Saint Clement as a contemporary of the Apostles and witness of their preaching. According to tradition he was probably a freed man in the imperial household and was baptized by St. Peter. [[Origen]] identifies him as working with Saint Paul the Apostle as Paul's "fellow-labourer", and so do Eusebius, Epiphanius, and [[Jerome]], but this Clement with Paul (Philippians 4:3) was probably a Philippian.
According to tradition, Clement was ordained by Peter himself. According to the early Christian writer [[Tertullian]], he was [[Consecration|consecrated]] [[bishop]] by Peter. Some early writers, indeed, thought that Clement was Peter's immediate successor, but modern scholars agree that he is Peter's third successor or the church’s fourth pope. He is famous for the ''Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians'' ascribed as written by him as bishop of Rome, while the apostle John was still alive, in the name of the Church of Rome to the Church of the Corinthians addressing the controversy of a developing [[schism]] of the younger [[clergy]] from the authority of the chief elder presbyters over them and admonishing them to humility and obedience under threat of [[sin]]ning against God if they dared to disobey this letter as the word of God. It reveals that Clement considered himself empowered to intervene in another community’s affairs, the first such action known. The [[scandal]] of division had alienated a large number of the laity from the clergy. Deploring the unauthorized and unjustifiable split in the Corinthian community, Clement urged charity to heal the rift. His Letter achieved almost canonical status and was regarded as Scripture by many 3rd- and 4th-century Christians. It is held by scholars and historians as the only uncontestably authentic writing of Saint Clement. It has been adduced by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] as evidence of acknowledged [[Petrine Primacy]] as early as the end of the first century.
He is said to have restored the [[sacrament]] of [[confirmation]] according to the rite of Saint Peter. To his time is attributed the use of "[[Amen]]" in [[Religion|religious]] ceremonies.
Numerous Clementine writings, at various times added to the first ''Letter'' as part of the body of a Clementine corpus, show the high regard for Clement in the early church. He is credited with transmitting to the church the ''Ordinances of the Holy Apostles Through Clement'' (the [[Apostolic Constitutions]]), which is the largest collection of early Christian [[ecclesiastical]] law, reputedly drafted by the Apostles, but according to historians was written (''or compiled from earlier second to third century sources'') in Syria about 380.
In the middle of the nineteenth century it was the custom to identity the pope with the [[consul]] of 95, T. Flavius Clemens, who was martyred by his first cousin, the Emperor Domitian, at the end of his consulship. But the ancients never suggest this, and the pope is said to have lived on till the reign of Trajan. He was banished by Emperor [[Trajan]] to [[Pontus]] in the [[Crimea]], and was thrown into the sea with an anchor around his neck.
St. Clement's name is in the Roman Canon of the Mass. He is commemorated as a Pope and martyr in the Catholic Church, the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, the Macedonian Orthodox Church and the Greek Orthodox Church, as well as the Syriac Catholic Church, the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church and all Byzantine Rite Eastern Catholic Churches, as well as within the Anglican Communion and the Lutheran Church. The Basilica of Saint Clement in Rome, Italy, one of the earliest parish churches in the city, is probably built on the site of Clement’s home.
[[Eusebius]]''':'''{{quotation|Chapter IV The First Successors of the Apostles <small>''excerpt''</small> <br>
'''...''' [[Pope Linus|Linus]], whom he has mentioned in his [[2 Timothy|Second Epistle to Timothy]] as his companion at Rome, has been before shown to have been the first after [[Saint Peter|Peter]], that obtained the episcopate at Rome. '''Clement''' also, who was appointed the third [[Bishop of Rome|bishop of this church]], is proved by him to have been a fellow labourer and fellow soldier with him. Beside, the [[Areopagus|Areopagite]], called Dionysius, whom [[Luke]] has recorded in his Acts, after [[Saint Paul|Paul's]] address to the [[Athens|Athenians]], in the [[Areopagus]]<sup>2</sup><ref>''footnote'' <sup>2</sup> Areopagus was the </ref>, as the first that believed, is mentioned by Dionysius, another of the ancients, and pastor of the church at [[Corinth]], as the first bishop of the church at [[Athens]]. But the manner and times of the [[apostolic succession]] shall be mentioned by us as we proceed in our course. Now let us pursue the order of our history. <br>
Chapter XV Clement, the Third Bishop of Rome <br>
I<small>N</small> the twelfth year of the same reign, after [[Pope Anacletus|Anencletus]] had been bishop of Rome twelve years, he was succeeded by '''Clement''', who, the apostle, in his [[Philippians|Epistle to the Philippians]], shows, had been his fellow labourer, in these words ''':''' “ With '''Clement''' and the rest of my fellow labourers, whose names are in the book of life." <br>
Chapter XVI The Epistle of Clement <br>
O<small>F</small> this '''Clement''' there is one epistle extant, acknowledged as genuine, of considerable length and of great merit, which he wrote in the name of the church at Rome, to that of Corinth, at the time when there was a dissension in the latter. This we know to have been publicly read for common benefit, in most of the churches, both in former times and in our own, and that at the time mentioned a sedition did take place at Corinth, is abundantly attested by [[Hegesippus]]. <br>
Chapter XXXIV Euarestus, the Fourth Bishop of the Church of Rome <br>
I<small>N</small> the third year of the above-mentioned reign, '''Clement''', bishop of Rome, committed the episcopal charge to Euarestus, and departed this life, after superintending the preaching of the divine word nine years.
Book IV, Chapter XXIII The Epistle of Clement, and Those that are Falsely Ascribed to Him <small>''excerpt''</small> <br>
'''...''' In this same letter he mentions that of '''Clement''' to the Corinthians, showing that it was the practice to read it in the churches, even from the earliest times. “ Today,” says he, “ we have passed the Lord's holy day, in which we have read your epistle. In reading which we shall always have our minds stored with admonition, as we shall, also, from that written to us before by '''Clement'''.” Besides this, the same author writes respecting his won epistles as having been corrupted ''':''' “As the brethren,” says he, “ desired me to write epistles, I wrote the, and these the apostles of the devil have filled them with tares, exchanging some things, and adding others, for whom there is a woe reserved. It is not, therefore, matter of wonder, if some have also attempted to adulterate the sacred writings of the Lord, since they have attempted the same in other works that are not to be compared with these.” There is also another epistle attributed to this Donysius, addressed to his most faithful sister Chrysphora, in which he writes what was suitable to her, and imparts also to her the proper spiritual food. And thus much respecting Dionysius. <br>
Book V, Chapter VI Catalog of the Bishops of Rome <br>
“ T<small>HE</small> blessed apostles having founded and established the church, transmitted the office of the episcopate to Linus. Of this Linus, Paul makes mention in his Epistles to Timothy. He was succeeded by Anencletus, and after him '''Clement''' held the episcopate, the third from the apostles. Who, as he had seen the blessed apostles, and had been connected with them, might be said to have the doctrine of the apostles still sounding in his ears, and what they delivered before his eyes. And not only he, but many others were still left, who had been taught by the apostles. In the times of this '''Clement''', there was no little dissension among the brethren at Corinth, on occasion of which the church at Rome wrote a considerable epistle to the Corinthians, confirming them in peace, and renewing their faith and the doctrine they had lately received from the apostles. After a little, he subjoins ''':''' “ But this Clement was succeeded by [[Pope Evarestus|Euarestus]], and Euarestus by [[Pope Alexander|Alexander]]. [[Pope Xystus|Xystus]] followed as the sixth from the apostles, after whom was [[Pope Telesphorus|Telesphorus]], who also illustriously suffered martyrdom; then came [[Pope Hyginus|Hyginus]], and after him [[Pope Pius|Pius]]. He was followed by [[Pope Anicetus|Anicetus]], and as he was succeeded by [[Pope Soter|Soter]], the twelfth from the apostles in the episcopate now is [[Pope Eleutherus]], in the same order and the same doctrine (or succession<sup>1</sup><ref>''footnote'' <sup>1</sup> <small>The word succession, in the parenthesis, is adopted by Valesius as the correct reading.</ref>) in which the tradition of the apostles in the church and the promulgation of the truth has descended to us.” <br>
—''quotations verbatim of'' Book III, Chapter IV The First Successors of the Apostles <small>''excerpt''</small> (p. 74); Chapters XV Clement, the Third Bishop of Rome (p. 90), XV1 The Epistle of Clement (''same'' p. 90); Chapter XXXIV Euarestus, the Fourth Bishop of the Church of Rome (p. 109); Chapter XXXVIII The Epistle of Clement, and Those that are Falsely Ascribed to Him (pp. 112-113); Book IV, Chapter XXIII Of Dionysius, Bishop of Corinth, and His Epistles <small>''excerpt''</small> (p. 149); Book V, Chapter VI Catalog of the Bishops of Rome (pp. 173-174); from ''The Ecclesiastical History Of Eusebius Pamphilus: Bishop Of Caesarea, In Palestine'', Translated from the Greek, by The Rev. C. F. Crusé, Assistant Professor in the University of Pennsylvania. With notes from the Edition of Valesius. Published London: George Bell and Sons, York Street. Covent Garden 1874. London: Printed by William Clowes and Sons, Stamford Street and Charing Cross. —''In the public domain'' <small>boldface highlight added</small>.}}
==See also==
*[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 36-42]]
*[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 43-49]]
*[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 50-56]]
*[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 57-63]]
==References==
{{reflist}
==External links==
==External links==
[http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/1clement.html First Clement (Text) - Early Christian Writings (earlychristianwritings.com)]
[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04012c.htm CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope St. Clement I (newadvent.org)]
[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Clement-I Saint Clement I | pope | Britannica (britannica.com)]
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_I Pope Clement I - Wikipedia]
[https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=37 Pope St. Clement I - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online (catholic.org)]
[https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-clement Saint Clement - Franciscan Media (franciscanmedia.org)]
[https://stclement-rtwp.org/saint-clement Saint Clement - St. Clement Pope and Martyr (stclement-rtwp.org)]
[https://catholicexchange.com/pope-st-clement-i Pope St. Clement I - Catholic Exchange (catholicexchange.com)]
[http://catholicsaints.info/pope-saint-clement-I/ Pope Saint Clement I (catholicsaints.info)]