| − | '''Scientific materialism''', as defined by the 20th century philosophers [[William James]] and Alfred North Whitehead: "scientific materialism is the belief that physical reality, as made available to the natural sciences, is all that truly exists."<ref>John F. Haught, Making Sense of Evolution: Darwin, God and the Drama of Life, Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville, KY, 2010, page 48</ref> | + | '''Scientific materialism''', as defined by the 20th century philosophers [[William James]] and Alfred North Whitehead: "scientific materialism is the belief that physical reality, as made available to the natural sciences, is all that truly exists."<ref>John F. Haught, Making Sense of Evolution: Darwin, God and the Drama of Life, Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville, KY, 2010, page 48</ref> Elements of it existed during the Age of Enlightenment, promoted by [[David Hume]] with his empiricism school of thought, and greatly expanded upon by the French Enlightenment philosophers such as Voltaire, Denis Diderot, and to a lesser extent Jean-Jacques Rousseau which formed a significant portion of the basis for the French Revolution and Reign of Terror. |