14,883 bytes added
, 23:21, April 26, 2020
{{Infobox officeholder
|name= Jesse Homer Bankston, Sr.
|office=Member, Secretary, andCchairman of the Louisiana Board of Elementary and Secondary Education (6th congressional district seat)
|term_start=1968
|term_end=1996
|office2=Member and former chairman of the [[Democratic Party|Louisiana State Democratic Central Committee]]
|term_start2=1960
|term_end2=2010
|birth_date=October 7, 1907
|birth_place=Mount Hermon, Washington Parish, Louisiana
|death_date=November 25, 2010 (aged 103)
|death_place=[[Baton Rouge]], Louisiana
|spouse= Ruth Paine Bankston (marriede c. 1938 – 1997, her death)
|children=Dale Leon Bankston<br>
Larry Stephen Bankston (former state senator)<br>
Jesse Bankston, Jr.<br>
Shirley Bankston Newsham<br>
'''Parents''':<br>
Allie Ames Magee and Leon Victor Bankston
|occupation=Hospital consultant
State government administrator
|religion=[[Southern Baptist]]
|alma_mater=[[Louisiana State University]]<br>
[[University of North Carolina]]
}}
'''Jesse Homer Bankston, Sr.''' (October 7, 1907 – November 25, 2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theadvocate/obituary.aspx?n=jesse-bankston&pid=146841086|title=Jesse Bankston, Sr.|publisher=''The Baton Rouge Advocate''|date=November 28, 2010|accessdate=November 28, 2010}}</ref> was a [[politician]] within the [[Democratic Party]] of [[Louisiana]], a [[business]]man, and, at his death at the age of 103, a member of the board of Louisiana [[PBS|Public Broadcasting]].
Bankston became involved in a dispute in 1959 with [[Governor]] [[Earl Long|Earl Kemp Long]] which led to Bankston's dismissal as the director of the State Department of Hospitals. Long's estranged wife, [[Blanche Long|Blanche Revere Long]], had committed her husband to the mental institution Southeast Louisiana Hospital in Mandeville in St. Tammany Parish. Long ordered Bankston, an otherwise loyal supporter, to discharge him, but Bankston refused because he believed that Long needed treatment; his recent behavior had been erratic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,825730,00.html |title=Invictus?|publisher=''[[Time magazine|Time]]''|date=undated}}</ref> With the affirmation of Lieutenant Governor [[Lether Frazar]], and state Attorney General [[Jack P. F. Gremillion]], Long fired Bankston and replaced him with a pliable supporter, who immediately took steps to release the governor from the hospital. During this confrontation, Bankston was also at the time at odds with his political ally, state Senator [[B. B. "Sixty'' Rayburn]] , a political powerhouse from Bogalusa in Washington Parish, who remained steadfast to Long.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insidenorthside.com/oct_nov03/art11.htm |title=Missing|publisher=''Inside Northside Magazine''|date=October/November 2003.</ref>
In June 2007, a joint resolution of the state legislature congratulated Bankston on his 100th birthday. The legislators described Bankston as a "political icon" and a "mover and shaker with nearly seventy years of experience in the public arena."<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/politics/10306762.html|author=Jared Janes|title=Bankston honored on 100th birthday|publisher=''The Baton Rouge Advocate''|date=October 8, 2007}}</ref>
==Background==
Jesse Homer Bankston was the last surviving of eleven children born to the former Allie Ames Magee (1876-1940) and Leon Victor Bankston (1869-1967) in Mount Hermon in Washington Parish west of the [[Mississippi]] state line. He was educated in public schools and received his Bachelor of Arts and [[Master of Arts]] degrees from [[Louisiana State University]] in [[Baton Rouge]] in 1933 and 1936, respectively. He did further graduate work at the [[University of North Carolina]] in [[Chapel Hill, North Carolina|Chapel Hill]], [[North Carolina]].<ref name=obit>{{cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theadvocate/obituary.aspx?n=jesse-homer-bankston&pid=146841086|title=Obituary of Jesse Homer Bankston, Sr.|publisher=''The Baton Rouge Advocate''|date=November 30, 2010|accessdate=December 1, 2010}}</ref>
Bankston married the former Ruth Paine (1918–1997), a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Walter R. Paine, Sr. She was a member of the East Baton Rouge Parish Democratic Executive Committee and was a delegate to two [[Democratic National Convention]]s. The Bankstons had a daughter, Shirley B. Newsham, and three sons, Dale Leon Bankston, Larry Stephen Bankston, and Jesse Bankston, Jr. Larry Bankston, an [[attorney]], served as a Democratic member of the Baton Rouge City-Parish Commission and as a state senator.
==Career==
Oddly, Bankston began government service in 1940 under Governor [[Sam Houston Jones]], a staunch [[Earl Long|anti-Long]] political figure. Bankston was first a management consultant charged with reorganization of state government. In 1942, he became an organizational specialist in the Louisiana Civil Service Department established through the work of attorney [[Charles Dunbar]].
Bankston moved to the state Department of Institutions in 1944 under Governor [[Jimmie H. Davis]] as administrative assistant. He was appointed director of the Department of Institutions in 1947. After serving as the appointed director of the Louisiana Hospital Board from 1948 to 1952 under Governor Earl Long, Bankston left state government with the incoming administration of [[Robert F. Kennon]].
He opened a health-care consulting firm, Bankston and Associates. With the return of Governor Long in 1956, Bankston was appointed the director of the newly established Department of Hospitals, where he served until the 1959 dispute over Long's mental health. At that time, Bankston returned to his consulting business, which he maintained until 1990, when he turned eighty-three.<ref name=obit/>
==Political affairs==
Bankston was the longest-serving elected member of the Louisiana Board of Elementary and Secondary Education (1968 to 1996). He represented the [[Baton Rouge-based 6th congressional district on the board. As a BESE member in 1990, he joined a group that attempted to oust Dorothy Garrett Smith of Springhill, the first woman president of the board. The dissenters fell one vote short of their goal, but Smith died of heart failure a month after the move against her.<ref>"Heart Attack Claims Dorothy Smith," ''[[Minden Press-Herald]],'' August 9, 1990, p. 1.</ref>
Bankston was the longest-serving member of the powerful [[Democratic Party|Louisiana Democratic State Central Committee]], a party administrative body which he joined in 1960,<ref name=obit/> when Jimmie Davis began his second nonconsecutive term as governor.<ref name=autogenerated1 />
As the director of the Department of Institutions, an agency that encompassed both corrections and hospitals, Bankston wanted employees to have access to loans. He established the Department of Hospitals Credit Union, which subsequently became the "Pelican State Credit Union."<ref name=autogenerated1 />
After his dismissal by Long, Bankston began his work for Democratic candidates and causes, having helped to deliver Louisiana's then ten [[electoral vote]]s for the [[John F. Kennedy|Kennedy]]-[[Lyndon B. Johnson|Johnson]] ticket. The Democrats easily carried Louisiana over the [[Republican Party|Republicans]] [[Richard M. Nixon]] and [[Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.]], and a States' Rights Party state slate that included future Governor [[David C. Treen]].
Bankston joined the boards of the newly established Board of Elementary and Secondary Education and Louisiana Public Broadcasting (LPB). Public Broadcasting President [[Beth Courtney]] told ''The Baton Rouge Advocate'' that Bankston never missed a board meeting: "He asks good questions, built on a lifetime of public service. He’s got good advice. He's got experience."<ref name=autogenerated1 />
In 1970, Bankston challenged [[conservative]] [[U.S. Representative]] John Richard Rarick (1924-2009) for re-nomination to a third term in the 6th congressional district. A former state court judge, Rarick prevailed, 57,835 votes (58.9 percent) to Bankston's 40,450 (41.1 percent). Rarich was the unopposed in the [[general election]]<ref>''Louisiana Almanac, 2006.''</ref> but was ousted in the Democratic primary in 1974.
In the 1979 [[governor of Louisiana|gubernatorial]] general election campaign, Bankston obtained a [[censure]] resolution against two failed Democratic candidates [[E.L. "Bubba" Henry]] and Edgar G. "Sonny" Mouton, Jr., both of whom openly endorsed the successful Republican candidate, former Democrat David Treen. Bankston warned Mouton, then an outgoing [[Louisiana State Legislature|state senator]] from [[Lafayette]] and one generally considered to have been a liberal lawmaker, that "if he thinks he is going to get all those people who voted for him in the primary to vote for a Republican, I think he's looking through rose-colored glasses." Bankston questioned whether Treen had agreed to assist in the retirement of Mouton's campaign debts.<ref>''[[Shreveport Journal]],'' November 14, 1979, p. 1.</ref> Bankston blamed confusion over the certification of Democratic candidate [[Louis Lambert]] in part to the competition between the [[Associated Press]] and [[United Press International]] in attempting to be the first to report the ballot tabulations. The Democratic committee did not censure two other Democratic gubernatorial candidates who backed Treen, outgoing Secretary of State Paul Jude Hardy, later the first Republican to serve as lieutenant governor of Louisiana since [[Reconstruction]] and outgoing Lieutenant Governor [[Jimmy Fitzmorris]] because their support for Treen came after the committee had met.
In 1982, Bankston was unseated, 56 to 44 percent, from the BESE board by his fellow Democrat, former State Representative Lillian Walker Walker (1923-2016), also of Baton Rouge.<ref>Louisiana Secretary of State, Election Returns, November 2, 1982.</ref>
==Bankston on the Democrat future==
In a printed interview in 1980, Bankston said that the Louisiana Democratic Party apparatus was in excellent condition despite having lost the governorship for the first time since 1872: <blockquote>
Why, for years, the party was just kind of performing ministerial duties and didn't do anything from a political standpoint. We supported state Democrats and national Republicans. But with President [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]]'s election in 1976 -- when we carried Louisiana for only the third time since 1944 -- we broke away from the old Perez group. We were able to get blacks as officers for the first time. We elected Henry "Hank" Braden, an [[African American]] state senator from [[New Orleans]]] as national committeeman. That was the first time we actually came out, as a party, and endorsed the national party's presidential ticket, and that caused a real revolution.<ref name=sj>''Shreveport Journal,'' March 20, 1980, p. 4D.</ref></blockquote>
Bankston noted that during the time that the state Democrats balked over their national nominees, the much smaller Louisiana GOP had largely rallied to support its candidates. Bankston said that he had warned the Louisiana Democratic congressional representatives in 1979 that Republican Treen could take the governorship:
<blockquote>"I went to [[Washington, D.C.]], to meet with the Democrats in the congressional delegation and the national party people, and I told them that unless we get our act together and get some money and organization, the Republicans were going to take it. But they wouldn't listen. They said, 'Louisiana is a surplus state: we don't ever put money into Louisiana.' I said, 'Well, this time you better, or you are going to lose the governor and maybe then the congressional delegation<ref>By the time of Bankston's death, the Republicans held six of the seven congressional seats from Louisiana.</ref> because the governor's office in Louisiana is the most powerful office in the United States<ref>In Louisiana, despite the separation of powers, the governor selected the House [[Speaker]] and the president of the state Senate.</ref> except the office of [[U.S. President]], and the governor can have a lot of influence on who is elected to Congress."<ref name=sj/></blockquote>
After going to Washington, Bankston said party officials contacted him and asked what they could do. Bankston said that he told them, "Nothing, you're too dad-blamed late."<ref name=sj/> Bankston said that Fitzmorris, Hardy, Henry, and Mouton "completely misjudged the wrath brought on by the party." Bankston predicted that future Louisiana Democrats eliminated in the nonpartisan blanket [[primary]] would not dare to endorse a Republican in a general election showdown.<ref name=sj/>
==Civic affairs==
In addition to BESE and LPB, Bankston served on the boards of the [[Boy Scouts]], [[Salvation Army]], [[YMCA]], and the [[United Way]]. He was a member of the Masonic lodge, the Sons of the American Revolution, and the American Hospital Association and its state equivalent. He was a member of the trustees of the Broadmoor [[Southern Baptist|Baptist]] Church in Baton Rouge.
==Legacy and honors==
* 2002, Bankston was inducted into the [[Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame]] in Winnfield, the traditional home of the Longs.<ref>[http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/museum.html Winnfield, La - Old L&A Depot, LA Political Museum<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* 2007, he received the first annual "T. J. Jemison Race Relations Award" from the Mount Zion First Baptist Church in Baton Rouge, named for the black minister and [[civil rights]] advocate Theodore Judson "T. J." Jemison (1918-2013). Bankston was recognized for "working to bring people together regardless of their race, ethnicity, or religious backgrounds."<ref name=obit/>
==Books==
Bankston wrote a book about Earl Long and a memoir entitled ''Memories of a Country Boy,'' an account of his boyhood in Washington Parish.<ref name=obit/>
After his death, services for Bankston were held on December 3, 2010, at Greenoaks Funeral Home Chapel in Baton Rouge. He is interred at Greenoaks Memorical Park.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/62612923/jesse-homer-bankston|title=Jesse Homer Bankston, Sr.|publisher=Findagrave.com|accessdate=April 26, 2020}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bankston, Jesse}}
[[Category:Louisiana People]]
[[Category:Business People]]
[[Category:Politicians]]
[[Category:Democrats]]
[[Category:Education]]
[[Category:American Authors]]
[[Category:Southern Baptists]]
[[Category:Inductees of the Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame]]