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Raja Sambhaji was the son of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire. On February 15, 1689, Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash were brought to the Imperial camp dresses as bufoons with long fool's caps and bells placed on their heads, mounted on camels, with drums beating, with thousands of onlookers lining the roads. Aurangzeb was sitting in the court and upon seeing the prisoners, "descended from the throne and kneeling down on the carpet bowed his head to the the ground in double thankfulness to Allah for crowning his victory."  Sambhaji refused to convert to Islam and verbally criticized Aurangzeb. Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash were then tortured to death, and their remains were fed to the dogs.  

Raja Sambhaji was the son of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire. On February 15, 1689, Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash were brought to the Imperial camp dresses as bufoons with long fool's caps and bells placed on their heads, mounted on camels, with drums beating, with thousands of onlookers lining the roads. Aurangzeb was sitting in the court and upon seeing the prisoners, "descended from the throne and kneeling down on the carpet bowed his head to the the ground in double thankfulness to Allah for crowning his victory."  Sambhaji refused to convert to Islam and verbally criticized Aurangzeb. Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash were then tortured to death, and their remains were fed to the dogs.  

===Brutal Execution of Sikh figures===

===Brutal Execution of Sikh figures===

Dyal Das, Mati Das, and Sati Das along with the Sikh Guru were brought to an open space in front of the Kotwali. Mati Das was the first to be asked to convert to Islam. He refused, and was executed by being sawn from his head to his loins. Dyal Das criticized Aurangzeb for this act. As a result he was tied up with an iron chain and was dropped into a cauldron of boiling oil. He was later roasted into a block of Charcoal. Sati Das condemned the brutalities after which he was wrapped in cotton fiber, tied to a pole and set on fire.  

Dyal Das, Mati Das, and Sati Das along with the Sikh Guru were brought to an open space in front of the Kotwali. Mati Das was the first to be asked to convert to Islam. He refused, and was executed by being sawn from his head to his loins. Dyal Das criticized Aurangzeb for this act. As a result, he was tied up with an iron chain and was dropped into a cauldron of boiling oil. He was later roasted into a block of Charcoal. Sati Das condemned the brutalities after which he was wrapped in cotton fiber, tied to a pole and set on fire.  

Guru Tegh Bahadur, the Sikh Guru, was executed by beheading.

Guru Tegh Bahadur, the Sikh Guru, was executed by beheading.

==External links==

==External links==

*Ahmad, Qeyamuddin(ed.),"Patna through the Ages", New Dehli, 1988

*Ahmad, Qeyamuddin(ed.),"Patna through the Ages", New Delhi, 1988

* "Alberuni's India", translated by E.C. Sachau,New Delhi Reprint,1983

* "Alberuni's India", translated by E.C. Sachau,New Delhi Reprint,1983

*Attar, Shaykh Faridu'd-Din, "Tadhkirat-al-Awliya",translated into Urdu by Maulana Z.A Usmani

*Attar, Shaykh Faridu'd-Din, "Tadhkirat-al-Awliya",translated into Urdu by Maulana Z.A Usmani

* Growse F.S. "Mathura:A Distinct Memoir", Reprint, Ahmedabad, 1978

* Growse F.S. "Mathura:A Distinct Memoir", Reprint, Ahmedabad, 1978

* Hosain, Saiyid Safdar, "The Early History of Islam", Vol.1, Dehli reprint, 1985

* Hosain, Saiyid Safdar, "The Early History of Islam", Vol.1, Dehli reprint, 1985

* "Jami Tirmizi", Arabic text with Urdu translation by Badi'al-Zaman, Vol. 1, New Dehli, 1983

* "Jami Tirmizi", Arabic text with Urdu translation by Badi'al-Zaman, Vol. 1, New Delhi, 1983

* "Kitab Futuh Al-Budan" of Al-Biladhuri, translated into English by F.C. Murgotte, New York, 1924

* "Kitab Futuh Al-Budan" of Al-Biladhuri, translated into English by F.C. Murgotte, New York, 1924

* "Maasir-i-Alamgiri" of Saqi Must'ad Khan, translated into English and annotated by Sir Jadunath Sarkar, Calcutta, 1947  

* "Maasir-i-Alamgiri" of Saqi Must'ad Khan, translated into English and annotated by Sir Jadunath Sarkar, Calcutta, 1947