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In 1940, Cawthorn was elected as the state senator for a district encompassing both DeSoto and the neighboring and much larger Caddo Parish.<ref>{{cite web|url=  ​http://senate.la.gov/Documents/Membership/1880membership.pdf|title=Membership in the Louisiana State Senate, 1880-2024 (Caddo and DeSoto parishes)|publisher=Louisiana State Senate|accessdate=June 16, 2020}}</ref> In his one term, during the administration of [[Governor]] [[Sam Houston Jones]], Cawthorn chaired the Senate Finance Committee but became a persistent critic of Jones, after Jones split politically with former Governor [[James A. Noe]] of [[Monroe, Louisiana|Monroe]], Cawthorn's political mentor. Cawthorn accused Jones of "waste and inefficiency" in state government.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lhVPujF2H94C&pg=PA87&lpg=PA87&dq=former+la.+state+rep.+t.+c.+brister&source=bl&ots=0YJFzRc9r9&sig=70PlajzgFaHh4Tk-PQE3x9t3v8U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YQwqVJTqFY2ryAT7wYDABg&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=former%20la.%20state%20rep.%20t.%20c.%20brister&f=false|title=Louisiana During World War II: Politics and Society, 1939-1945|author=Jerry Purvis Sanson|pages=83, 84, 88|date=1999|publisher=[[Louisiana State University]] Press|location=[[Baton Rouge]], Louisiana]]|isbn=0-8071-2308-0|accessdate=October 28, 2014}}</ref>
 
In 1940, Cawthorn was elected as the state senator for a district encompassing both DeSoto and the neighboring and much larger Caddo Parish.<ref>{{cite web|url=  ​http://senate.la.gov/Documents/Membership/1880membership.pdf|title=Membership in the Louisiana State Senate, 1880-2024 (Caddo and DeSoto parishes)|publisher=Louisiana State Senate|accessdate=June 16, 2020}}</ref> In his one term, during the administration of [[Governor]] [[Sam Houston Jones]], Cawthorn chaired the Senate Finance Committee but became a persistent critic of Jones, after Jones split politically with former Governor [[James A. Noe]] of [[Monroe, Louisiana|Monroe]], Cawthorn's political mentor. Cawthorn accused Jones of "waste and inefficiency" in state government.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lhVPujF2H94C&pg=PA87&lpg=PA87&dq=former+la.+state+rep.+t.+c.+brister&source=bl&ots=0YJFzRc9r9&sig=70PlajzgFaHh4Tk-PQE3x9t3v8U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YQwqVJTqFY2ryAT7wYDABg&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=former%20la.%20state%20rep.%20t.%20c.%20brister&f=false|title=Louisiana During World War II: Politics and Society, 1939-1945|author=Jerry Purvis Sanson|pages=83, 84, 88|date=1999|publisher=[[Louisiana State University]] Press|location=[[Baton Rouge]], Louisiana]]|isbn=0-8071-2308-0|accessdate=October 28, 2014}}</ref>
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In 1944, Cawthorn did not seek re-election to the state Senate but instead ran a strong though unsuccessful race for attorney general of Louisiana against fellow Democrat [[Fred S. LeBlanc]] of [[Baton Rouge]], who carried the backing of the successful gubernatorial nominee, [[Jimmie Davis]]. Known for his singing career too, Davis was elected that year to the first of his two non-consecutive gubernatorial terms. By then, Cawthorn was allied with [[Earl Long|Earl Kemp Long]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/12966755/|title=Louisiana election returns|publisher=''Miam (Oklahoma) Daily News''|date=March 1, 1944|page=3|accessdate=June 18, 2020}}</ref> the former and future governor who ran unsuccessfully in 1944 for lieutenant  governor]], a post that Long had also held from 1936 to 1939 under then Governor Richard Webster Leche. Cawthorn and other Long-endorsed candidates had led in the first primary<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/11888020/|title=Return Of Long Faction in Louisiana|publisher=''Big Spring (Texas)Daily Herald''|date=January 19, 1944|page=7|accessdate=June 16, 2020}}</ref> but fell short in the runoff election as [[J. Emile Verret]] of Iberia Parish defeated Long for lieutenant governor.
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In 1944, Cawthorn did not seek re-election to the state Senate but instead ran a strong though unsuccessful race for attorney general of Louisiana against fellow Democrat [[Fred S. LeBlanc]] of [[Baton Rouge]], who carried the backing of the successful gubernatorial nominee, [[Jimmie Davis]]. Known for his singing career too, Davis was elected that year to the first of his two non-consecutive gubernatorial terms. By then, Cawthorn was allied with [[Earl Long|Earl Kemp Long]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/12966755/|title=Louisiana election returns|publisher=''Miam (Oklahoma) Daily News''|date=March 1, 1944|page=3|accessdate=June 18, 2020}}</ref> the former and future governor who ran unsuccessfully in 1944 for lieutenant  governor, a post that Long had also held from 1936 to 1939 under then Governor Richard Webster Leche. Cawthorn and other Long-endorsed candidates had led in the first primary<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/11888020/|title=Return Of Long Faction in Louisiana|publisher=''Big Spring (Texas)Daily Herald''|date=January 19, 1944|page=7|accessdate=June 16, 2020}}</ref> but fell short in the runoff election as [[J. Emile Verret]] of Iberia Parish defeated Long for lieutenant governor.
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In May 1946, Cawthorn was convicted in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana for his role as the attorney in an [[income tax]] evasion and jury tampering case against businessman William T. Burton, former Governor Noe, and Marcel F. La Branche, a juror. Cawthorn, Burton, and La Branche were found guilty and each sentenced to two years in prison and fined $10,000, but Noe was acquitted. The three lost their appeals before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in [[New Orleans]]. As a result of his conviction, Cawthorn was disbarred.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://leagle.com/decision/195323267So2d165_1215.xml/LOUISIANA%20STATE%20BAR%20ASS'N%20v.%20CAWTHORN|title=Louisiana State Bar Association v. Cawthorn|publisher=leagle.com|date=July 3, 1953|accessdate=June 16, 2020}}</ref>  
 
In May 1946, Cawthorn was convicted in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana for his role as the attorney in an [[income tax]] evasion and jury tampering case against businessman William T. Burton, former Governor Noe, and Marcel F. La Branche, a juror. Cawthorn, Burton, and La Branche were found guilty and each sentenced to two years in prison and fined $10,000, but Noe was acquitted. The three lost their appeals before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in [[New Orleans]]. As a result of his conviction, Cawthorn was disbarred.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://leagle.com/decision/195323267So2d165_1215.xml/LOUISIANA%20STATE%20BAR%20ASS'N%20v.%20CAWTHORN|title=Louisiana State Bar Association v. Cawthorn|publisher=leagle.com|date=July 3, 1953|accessdate=June 16, 2020}}</ref>  
  
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