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In [[statistics]], when one group is shown to be markedly different from another, given an adequate sample drawn from a homogeneous population.

In [[statistics]], it is often required to know whether two groups of data, both subject to random variation, should be reqarded as distinct or not. That is, are the observed differences between the groups due to chance or not? This is tested by initially assuming the [[null hypothesis]] that there is no difference, then computing a test [[statistic]] that has a known [[probability distribution]] under the null hypothesis. If the probability of the observed value of the test statistic is very low this suggests that the null hypothesis is untrue.  

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[[category:Probability and Statistics]]

[[category:Probability and Statistics]]