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Created page with "{{Night Sky | image = | designation =70 Oph<br/>P Oph<br/>HIP 88601 | rightascension =18<sup>h</sup> 05<sup>m</sup> 27.2851<sup>s</sup><ref name=simbad>{{cite w..."
{{Night Sky
| image =
| designation =70 Oph<br/>P Oph<br/>HIP 88601
| rightascension =18<sup>h</sup> 05<sup>m</sup> 27.2851<sup>s</sup><ref name=simbad>{{cite web|url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=70+Ophiuchi|title=70 Ophiuchi|accessdate=July 16, 2020|work=Simbad Astronomical Database|publisher=simbad.u-strasbg.fr}}</ref><ref name=hip>{{cite journal
|last1=van Leeuwen |first1=F.
|title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction
|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
|volume=474
|issue=2|page=653-664|date=2007
|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357
|bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V
|ref=harv
}} {{arXiv|0708.1752}}</ref>
| declination =+02° 30′ 00.3558″<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/>
| distance =16.58 ly<ref name=universeguide>{{cite web|url=https://www.universeguide.com/star/88601/70ophiuchi|title=70 Ophiuchi|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=universeguide.com}}</ref>
| constellation =Ophiuchus
| type =Main sequence star
| dimensions =
| magnitude =Apparent Mag: +4.03<ref name=universeguide/><br/>Absolute Mag: +5.50<ref name=universeguide/>
| redshift =
| radvelocity =-5.800 ± 0.0002 km/s<ref name=simbad/><ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Soubiran |first1=C.
|last2=Jasniewicz |first2=G.
|last3=Chemin |first3=L.
|last4=Zurbach |first4=C.
|last5=Brouillet |first5=N.
|last6=Panuzzo |first6=P.
|last7=Sartoretti |first7=P.
|last8=Katz |first8=D.
|last9=Le Campion |first9=J. -F.
|display-authors=3
|title=Gaia Data Release 2. The catalogue of radial velocity standard stars.
|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
|volume=616A
|issue=8|page=|date=2018
|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201832795
|bibcode=2018A&A...616A...7S
|ref=harv
}} {{arXiv|1804.09370}}
</ref>
| propmotion =RA: 124.16 mas/yr<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/><br/>Dec: -962.82 mas/yr<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/>
| parallax =196.72 ± 0.83 mas<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/>
}}
'''70 Ophiuchi''' (70 Oph, P Oph, HIP 88601) is a [[binary star]] in the [[constellation]] of [[Ophiuchus]].<ref name=illinois>{{cite web|url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/70oph.html|title=70 Ophiuchi|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=stars.astro.illinois.edu|author=Jim Kaler|date=September 13, 2003|work=Stars}}</ref> [[William Herschel]] is known to have observed the pair in August 1779 but creditted Christian Mayer as having discovered this earlier.<ref name=solstation>{{cite web|url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/70ophiu2.htm|title=70 Ophiuchi 2?|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=solstation.com}}</ref> At a distance of roughly 16 [[light year]]s, it is the 51<sup>st</sup> closest star to [[Earth]]. In fact it is so close, that the two stars can easily be resolved with a telescope or [[magnification]] larger than x75 and can be observed to complete one [[orbit]] every 90 years, one of the few star systems where this can be observed in a human lifetime.<ref name=cosmicpursuits>{{cite web|url=https://cosmicpursuits.com/2245/70-ophiuchi/|title=A Speedy Little Double Star|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=cosmicpursuits.com|author=Nicole Aniston|date=September 06, 2018}}</ref> The brighter primary star can be observed to have a yellow-golden color whereas the fainter secondary has a orange-red appearance.
==Properties and structure==
The 70 Ophiuchi system is located 16.58 [[light year]]s from Earth.<ref name=universeguide/> The two stars are both K class yellow-orange dwarf stars and orbit each other with a period of 88.05 years and a mean seperation of 23.3 [[Astronimical units]] (or 2 to 7 seconds af arc as seen from Earth).<ref name=britannica>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/star-astronomy/Bulk-stellar-properties#ref510334|title=Bulk stellar properties Stellar temperatures|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=britannica.com}}</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Batten |first1=A. H.
|last2=Fletcher |first2=J. M.
|display-authors=3
|title=On The Orbital Period Of 70 Ophiuchi
|journal=The Astronomical Society of the Pacific
|volume=103
|issue=664|page=546|date=1991
|doi=10.1086/132851
|bibcode=1991PASP..103..546B
|ref=harv
}}
</ref> The orbit is highly eccentric with an [[eccentricity]] of ''e''=0.495, meaning the distance between the stars varies from 11.7 AU up to 34.8 AU.<ref name=solstation/> The stars made their most recent close approach in 1989 and will next be at their maximum distance in 2028.<ref name=cosmicpursuits/> The plane of the orbit is inclined at an angle of 121.2° from Earth's perspective.<ref name=solstation/>
It was thought from observations made between 1914 and 1943 that there may be another companion star or object present, but not seen, when an apparent 17 year cycle was discovered.<ref name=solstation/> Such an object was thought to have a mass 10 times that of [[Jupiter]] and possibly be an [[exoplanet]].<ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Reuyl |first1=Dirk
|last2=Holmberg |first2=Erik
|display-authors=3
|title=On the Existence of a Third Component in the System 70 Ophiuchi.
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=97
|issue=|page=41|date=1943
|doi=10.1086/144489
|bibcode=1943ApJ....97...41R
|ref=harv
}}
</ref> However, more recent studies suggest this was in error and that there are no masses larger than four Jupiter massess within 5.2 AU of either star.<ref name=solstation/><ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Wittenmyer |first1=Robert A.
|last2=Endl |first2=Michael
|last3=Cochran |first3=William D.
|last4=Hatzes |first4=Artie P.
|last5=Walker |first5=G. A. H.
|last6=Yang |first6=S. L. S.
|last7=Paulson |first7=Diane B.
|display-authors=3
|title=Detection Limits from the McDonald Observatory Planet Search Program
|journal=The Astronomical Journal
|volume=132
|issue=1|page=177-188|date=2006
|doi=10.1086/504942
|bibcode=2006AJ....132..177W
|ref=harv
}} {{arXiv|astro-ph/0604171}}
</ref>
The larger primary star (designated 70 Ophiuchi A) has an [[apparent magnitude]] of +4.22.<ref name=illinois/> It has a similar temperature to the [[Sun]] at 5290 Kelvin but is a little smaller with 85% the radius and 92% of the mass.<ref name=recons>{{cite web|url=http://www.recons.org/TOP100.posted.htm|title=The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=recons.org}}</ref> This leads it to emit only 0.51 times the radiation the Sun does. It is also known the rotate, with each rotation taking 19.7 days.<ref name=illinois/> The other star, 70 Ophiuchi B, is smaller with a mass of 0.70 [[solar mass]]es and radius 0.73 times that of Sol.<ref name=recons/><ref name=solstation/> The secondary is thought to be a bit cooler than 70 Ophiuchi A at 4250 Kelvin and emit only 0.17 solar luminosites of radiation.<ref name=illinois/>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Stars}}
[[Category:Astronomy]]
[[Category:Stars]]
| image =
| designation =70 Oph<br/>P Oph<br/>HIP 88601
| rightascension =18<sup>h</sup> 05<sup>m</sup> 27.2851<sup>s</sup><ref name=simbad>{{cite web|url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=70+Ophiuchi|title=70 Ophiuchi|accessdate=July 16, 2020|work=Simbad Astronomical Database|publisher=simbad.u-strasbg.fr}}</ref><ref name=hip>{{cite journal
|last1=van Leeuwen |first1=F.
|title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction
|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
|volume=474
|issue=2|page=653-664|date=2007
|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357
|bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V
|ref=harv
}} {{arXiv|0708.1752}}</ref>
| declination =+02° 30′ 00.3558″<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/>
| distance =16.58 ly<ref name=universeguide>{{cite web|url=https://www.universeguide.com/star/88601/70ophiuchi|title=70 Ophiuchi|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=universeguide.com}}</ref>
| constellation =Ophiuchus
| type =Main sequence star
| dimensions =
| magnitude =Apparent Mag: +4.03<ref name=universeguide/><br/>Absolute Mag: +5.50<ref name=universeguide/>
| redshift =
| radvelocity =-5.800 ± 0.0002 km/s<ref name=simbad/><ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Soubiran |first1=C.
|last2=Jasniewicz |first2=G.
|last3=Chemin |first3=L.
|last4=Zurbach |first4=C.
|last5=Brouillet |first5=N.
|last6=Panuzzo |first6=P.
|last7=Sartoretti |first7=P.
|last8=Katz |first8=D.
|last9=Le Campion |first9=J. -F.
|display-authors=3
|title=Gaia Data Release 2. The catalogue of radial velocity standard stars.
|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
|volume=616A
|issue=8|page=|date=2018
|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201832795
|bibcode=2018A&A...616A...7S
|ref=harv
}} {{arXiv|1804.09370}}
</ref>
| propmotion =RA: 124.16 mas/yr<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/><br/>Dec: -962.82 mas/yr<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/>
| parallax =196.72 ± 0.83 mas<ref name=simbad/><ref name=hip/>
}}
'''70 Ophiuchi''' (70 Oph, P Oph, HIP 88601) is a [[binary star]] in the [[constellation]] of [[Ophiuchus]].<ref name=illinois>{{cite web|url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/70oph.html|title=70 Ophiuchi|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=stars.astro.illinois.edu|author=Jim Kaler|date=September 13, 2003|work=Stars}}</ref> [[William Herschel]] is known to have observed the pair in August 1779 but creditted Christian Mayer as having discovered this earlier.<ref name=solstation>{{cite web|url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/70ophiu2.htm|title=70 Ophiuchi 2?|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=solstation.com}}</ref> At a distance of roughly 16 [[light year]]s, it is the 51<sup>st</sup> closest star to [[Earth]]. In fact it is so close, that the two stars can easily be resolved with a telescope or [[magnification]] larger than x75 and can be observed to complete one [[orbit]] every 90 years, one of the few star systems where this can be observed in a human lifetime.<ref name=cosmicpursuits>{{cite web|url=https://cosmicpursuits.com/2245/70-ophiuchi/|title=A Speedy Little Double Star|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=cosmicpursuits.com|author=Nicole Aniston|date=September 06, 2018}}</ref> The brighter primary star can be observed to have a yellow-golden color whereas the fainter secondary has a orange-red appearance.
==Properties and structure==
The 70 Ophiuchi system is located 16.58 [[light year]]s from Earth.<ref name=universeguide/> The two stars are both K class yellow-orange dwarf stars and orbit each other with a period of 88.05 years and a mean seperation of 23.3 [[Astronimical units]] (or 2 to 7 seconds af arc as seen from Earth).<ref name=britannica>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/star-astronomy/Bulk-stellar-properties#ref510334|title=Bulk stellar properties Stellar temperatures|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=britannica.com}}</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Batten |first1=A. H.
|last2=Fletcher |first2=J. M.
|display-authors=3
|title=On The Orbital Period Of 70 Ophiuchi
|journal=The Astronomical Society of the Pacific
|volume=103
|issue=664|page=546|date=1991
|doi=10.1086/132851
|bibcode=1991PASP..103..546B
|ref=harv
}}
</ref> The orbit is highly eccentric with an [[eccentricity]] of ''e''=0.495, meaning the distance between the stars varies from 11.7 AU up to 34.8 AU.<ref name=solstation/> The stars made their most recent close approach in 1989 and will next be at their maximum distance in 2028.<ref name=cosmicpursuits/> The plane of the orbit is inclined at an angle of 121.2° from Earth's perspective.<ref name=solstation/>
It was thought from observations made between 1914 and 1943 that there may be another companion star or object present, but not seen, when an apparent 17 year cycle was discovered.<ref name=solstation/> Such an object was thought to have a mass 10 times that of [[Jupiter]] and possibly be an [[exoplanet]].<ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Reuyl |first1=Dirk
|last2=Holmberg |first2=Erik
|display-authors=3
|title=On the Existence of a Third Component in the System 70 Ophiuchi.
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=97
|issue=|page=41|date=1943
|doi=10.1086/144489
|bibcode=1943ApJ....97...41R
|ref=harv
}}
</ref> However, more recent studies suggest this was in error and that there are no masses larger than four Jupiter massess within 5.2 AU of either star.<ref name=solstation/><ref>
{{cite journal
|last1=Wittenmyer |first1=Robert A.
|last2=Endl |first2=Michael
|last3=Cochran |first3=William D.
|last4=Hatzes |first4=Artie P.
|last5=Walker |first5=G. A. H.
|last6=Yang |first6=S. L. S.
|last7=Paulson |first7=Diane B.
|display-authors=3
|title=Detection Limits from the McDonald Observatory Planet Search Program
|journal=The Astronomical Journal
|volume=132
|issue=1|page=177-188|date=2006
|doi=10.1086/504942
|bibcode=2006AJ....132..177W
|ref=harv
}} {{arXiv|astro-ph/0604171}}
</ref>
The larger primary star (designated 70 Ophiuchi A) has an [[apparent magnitude]] of +4.22.<ref name=illinois/> It has a similar temperature to the [[Sun]] at 5290 Kelvin but is a little smaller with 85% the radius and 92% of the mass.<ref name=recons>{{cite web|url=http://www.recons.org/TOP100.posted.htm|title=The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems|accessdate=July 16, 2020|publisher=recons.org}}</ref> This leads it to emit only 0.51 times the radiation the Sun does. It is also known the rotate, with each rotation taking 19.7 days.<ref name=illinois/> The other star, 70 Ophiuchi B, is smaller with a mass of 0.70 [[solar mass]]es and radius 0.73 times that of Sol.<ref name=recons/><ref name=solstation/> The secondary is thought to be a bit cooler than 70 Ophiuchi A at 4250 Kelvin and emit only 0.17 solar luminosites of radiation.<ref name=illinois/>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Stars}}
[[Category:Astronomy]]
[[Category:Stars]]