Changes

====Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York City====

====Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York City====

The third study was conducted by Takahisa Mikami and it analyzed the medical records of the Mount Sinai Health System.  One of the first things that stands out in this study was its sheer size - it analyzed the results of 6493 patients whom had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. By contrast, Geleris's study had 1446 patients, Rosenberg's study had 1438 patients, and the VA study had only 368 patients.  When it comes to statistics, size definitely matters, and this one was even larger than the  RECOVERY trial (not larger than Surgisphere though). While size is important, it is not a substitute for skill so let's take a more in-depth look at the study.

The third study was conducted by Takahisa Mikami and it analyzed the medical records of the Mount Sinai Health System.  One of the first things that stands out in this study was its sheer size - it analyzed the results of 6493 patients whom had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. By contrast, Geleris's study had 1446 patients, Rosenberg's study had 1438 patients, and the VA study had only 368 patients.  When it comes to statistics, size definitely matters, and this one was even larger than the  RECOVERY trial (not larger than Surgisphere though). While size is important, it is not a substitute for skill so let's take a more in-depth look at the study.

The study divided patients into ambulatory and hospitalized sub-groups.  Ambulatory was defined as "patients whose encounter was an office visit, emergency department (ED) visit, or telehealth/telemedicine."  Hospitalized was defined as "inpatients and ambulatory patients who were subsequently admitted to the hospital."  This subdivision is important as it helps control for two of the most important factors, namely the timing of HCQ use and the overall health of the patients using the drug.  Because of its sheer size, the study was able to do this subdivision without impacting its ability to achieve statistically significant results... even the subdivisions were larger than the studies conducted by Geleris and Rosenberg.  The subgroups were then further subdivided into survivors and non-survivors, with the end date being April 17, 2020 (meaning a patient had to have died or discharged by that date to be included in the study). Then they did a whole bunch of statistical stuff (Cox Regression analysis, inverse probability weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scoring) to determine what the statistical results were.<ref name=MountSanai>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7325642/#MOESM1 Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York City] by Takahisa Mikami (2020 Jun 30) ''Journal of General Internal Medecine''</ref>  So what did they find?         

The study divided patients into ambulatory and hospitalized sub-groups.  Ambulatory was defined as "patients whose encounter was an office visit, emergency department (ED) visit, or telehealth/telemedicine."  Hospitalized was defined as "inpatients and ambulatory patients who were subsequently admitted to the hospital."  This subdivision is important as it helps control for two of the most important factors, namely the timing of HCQ use and the overall health of the patients using the drug.  Because of its sheer size, the study was able to do this subdivision without impacting its ability to achieve statistically significant results... even the subdivisions were larger than the studies conducted by Geleris and Rosenberg.  The subgroups were then further subdivided into survivors and non-survivors, with the end date being April 17, 2020 (meaning a patient had to have died or discharged by that date to be included in the study). Then they did a whole bunch of statistical stuff (Cox Regression analysis, inverse probability weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scoring) to determine what the statistical results were.<ref name=MountSanai>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7325642/#MOESM1 Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York City] by Takahisa Mikami (2020 Jun 30) ''Journal of General Internal Medecine''</ref>  So what did they find?         

== References ==

== References ==

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