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Turkey is officially a [[secular state|secular]] country with no official religion since the constitutional amendment in 1928 and later strengthened by Atatürk's Reforms and the appliance of laicism by the country's founder and first president [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] on February 5, 1937. Due to oppression of [[Christianity]], Turkey's population is nearly entirely (at least cultural) [[Muslim]]. Most Turkish Muslims follow the [[Sunni]] traditions of Islam, although a significant number follow Alevi and [[Shiite]] traditions. Questions regarding role of religion in society and government, the role of linguistic and ethnic identity, and the public's expectation to live in security dominate public discourse. Turkish citizens who assert a [[Kurds|Kurdish]] identity constitute an ethnic and linguistic group that is estimated at up to 12 million in number.
Turkey is officially a [[secular state|secular]] country with no official religion since the constitutional amendment in 1928 and later strengthened by Atatürk's Reforms and the appliance of laicism by the country's founder and first president [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] on February 5, 1937. Due to oppression of [[Christianity]], Turkey's population is nearly entirely (at least cultural) [[Muslim]]. Most Turkish Muslims follow the [[Sunni]] traditions of Islam, although a significant number follow Alevi and [[Shiite]] traditions. Questions regarding role of religion in society and government, the role of linguistic and ethnic identity, and the public's expectation to live in security dominate public discourse. Turkish citizens who assert a [[Kurds|Kurdish]] identity constitute an ethnic and linguistic group that is estimated at up to 12 million in number.
[[File:Iskenderun church.jpg|thumb|right|Saint Nicolas Orthodox Church in İskenderun, Hatay province.]]
[[File:Iskenderun church.jpg|thumb|right|St. Nicholas Orthodox Church in İskenderun, Hatay.]]
*Population (2018): 82 million.
*Population (2018): 82 million.
*Annual population growth rate (2017 est.): 1.24%.
*Annual population growth rate (2017 est.): 1.24%.