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added a article on well known scottish king
James IV (17 March 1473 – 9 September 1513) was the King of Scotland from 11 June 1488 to his death. He assumed the throne following the death of his father King James III (1452–1488, reigned 1460–1488) at the Battle of Sauchieburn, a rebellion in which the younger James played an indirect role. He is generally regarded as the most successful of the Stewart monarchs of Scotland, but his reign ended in a disastrous defeat at the Battle of Flodden. He was the last monarch from the island of Great Britain to be killed in battle.
James IV's marriage in 1503 to Margaret Tudor linked the royal houses of Scotland and England. It led to the Union of the Crowns in 1603, when Elizabeth I died without heirs and James IV's great-grandson James VI succeeded to the English throne as James I.
James IV quickly proved an effective ruler and a wise king. He defeated another rebellion in 1489, took a direct interest in the administration of justice and finally brought the Lord of the Isles under control in 1493. For a time, he supported Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the English throne, and carried out a brief invasion of England on his behalf in September 1496, demolishing Heaton Castle. Then in August 1497, James laid siege to Norham Castle, using his grandfather's bombard Mons Meg.
James recognised nonetheless that peace between Scotland and England was in the interest of both countries, and established good diplomatic relations with England, which was emerging at the time from a period of civil war. First he ratified the Treaty of Ayton in 1497. Then, in 1502 James signed the Treaty of Perpetual Peace with Henry VII. This treaty was sealed by his marriage to Henry's daughter Margaret Tudor the next year, in an event portrayed as the marriage of The Thrissil and the Rois (the thistle and rose – the flowers of Scotland and England respectively) by the great poet William Dunbar, who was then resident at James' court.
James was granted the title of Defender of the Faith in 1507 by the Papal Legate at Holyrood Abbey.
James IV was a true Renaissance prince with an interest in practical and scientific matters. He granted the Incorporation of Surgeons and Barbers of Edinburgh a royal charter in 1506, turned Edinburgh Castle into one of Scotland's foremost gun foundries, and welcomed the establishment of Scotland's first printing press, Chepman and Myllar Press, in 1507. He built a part of Falkland Palace, the Great Halls at Edinburgh and Stirling castles, and furnished his palaces with Scottish Royal tapestries.
He was killed at the Battle of Flodden on the 9th September 1513, at the age of 40.
James IV's marriage in 1503 to Margaret Tudor linked the royal houses of Scotland and England. It led to the Union of the Crowns in 1603, when Elizabeth I died without heirs and James IV's great-grandson James VI succeeded to the English throne as James I.
James IV quickly proved an effective ruler and a wise king. He defeated another rebellion in 1489, took a direct interest in the administration of justice and finally brought the Lord of the Isles under control in 1493. For a time, he supported Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the English throne, and carried out a brief invasion of England on his behalf in September 1496, demolishing Heaton Castle. Then in August 1497, James laid siege to Norham Castle, using his grandfather's bombard Mons Meg.
James recognised nonetheless that peace between Scotland and England was in the interest of both countries, and established good diplomatic relations with England, which was emerging at the time from a period of civil war. First he ratified the Treaty of Ayton in 1497. Then, in 1502 James signed the Treaty of Perpetual Peace with Henry VII. This treaty was sealed by his marriage to Henry's daughter Margaret Tudor the next year, in an event portrayed as the marriage of The Thrissil and the Rois (the thistle and rose – the flowers of Scotland and England respectively) by the great poet William Dunbar, who was then resident at James' court.
James was granted the title of Defender of the Faith in 1507 by the Papal Legate at Holyrood Abbey.
James IV was a true Renaissance prince with an interest in practical and scientific matters. He granted the Incorporation of Surgeons and Barbers of Edinburgh a royal charter in 1506, turned Edinburgh Castle into one of Scotland's foremost gun foundries, and welcomed the establishment of Scotland's first printing press, Chepman and Myllar Press, in 1507. He built a part of Falkland Palace, the Great Halls at Edinburgh and Stirling castles, and furnished his palaces with Scottish Royal tapestries.
He was killed at the Battle of Flodden on the 9th September 1513, at the age of 40.