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'''Abraham “Abe” Fortas''' (June 19, 1910 – April 5, 1982) was the only [[U.S. Supreme Court]] Justice to be forced to resign, after serving for only four years (1965-1969).  He was a close personal friend of President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], and they communicated frequently while Fortas was on the Supreme Court and Johnson was President.  Johnson had hired Fortas when he was an attorney in Texas in 1948 to obtain Supreme Court intervention to preserve Johnson's [[Democrat_election_fraud#1948_Texas_Senate|fraudulent victory in the Democratic primary]] for [[U.S. Senate]].  Fortas persuaded [[Ku Klux Klan]]sman and U.S. Supreme Court Justice [[Hugo Black]] to intervene in favor of candidate Johnson, and forever Johnson viewed Fortas as the greatest attorney.  In work for another client, Fortas successfully argued that criminal defendants have a right to appointed counsel at taxpayers' expense in ''[[Gideon v. Wainwright]]'' (1963).

'''Abraham “Abe” Fortas''' (June 19, 1910 – April 5, 1982) was the only [[U.S. Supreme Court]] Justice to be forced to resign, after serving for only four years (1965-1969).  He was a close personal friend of President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], and they communicated frequently while Fortas was on the Supreme Court and Johnson was president.  Johnson had hired Fortas when he was an attorney in Texas in 1948 to obtain Supreme Court intervention to preserve Johnson's [[Democrat election fraud#1948 Texas Senate|fraudulent victory in the Democratic primary]] for [[U.S. Senate]].  Fortas persuaded [[Ku Klux Klan]]sman and U.S. Supreme Court Justice [[Hugo Black]] to intervene in favor of candidate Johnson, and forever Johnson viewed Fortas as the greatest attorney.  In work for another client, Fortas successfully argued that criminal defendants have a right to appointed counsel at taxpayers' expense in ''[[Gideon v. Wainwright]]'' (1963).

Johnson convinced Justice [[Arthur Goldberg]] to become ambassador to the United Nations in 1965 so that he could appoint Fortas.  The following year Fortas cast the deciding vote in the landmark ''[[Miranda v. Arizona]]'' decision (1966).  Fortas wrote the majority opinion ''[[In Re Gault]]'' (1967), giving juveniles the same procedural protections in juvenile court that were previously reserved only for adults.

Johnson convinced Justice [[Arthur Goldberg]] to become ambassador to the United Nations in 1965 so that he could appoint Fortas.  The following year Fortas cast the deciding vote in the landmark ''[[Miranda v. Arizona]]'' decision (1966).  Fortas wrote the majority opinion ''[[In Re Gault]]'' (1967), giving juveniles the same procedural protections in juvenile court that were previously reserved only for adults.