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'''Arthur of Brittany''' (1187-1202) was the posthumous son of Geoffrey of [[Brittany]], the fourth son of King [[Henry II]] of England. He was the grandson of Henry and under succession protocol of the time was the rightful successor to [[Richard I]]. (Exactly the same principle would be used when [[Richard II]] succeeded his grandfather [[Edward III]] in 1377.)

'''Arthur of Brittany''' (1187 - c. 1203) was the posthumous son of Geoffrey of [[Brittany]], the fourth son of King [[Henry II]] of England. He was the grandson of Henry and under succession protocol of the time was the rightful successor to [[Richard I]]. (Exactly the same principle would be used when [[Richard II]] succeeded his grandfather [[Edward III]] in 1377.)

Richard’s younger brother, [[King John|John]], claimed the throne and this was supported by John's mother, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]] (with the considerable forces of her dominions), the much respected [[William Marshal]] and many of the English [[barons]]. Arthur, through his mother (he was only 12 when Richard died) had an inevitable ally in King Philip II of [[France]] who, as feudal overlord, transferred control of the land from John to Arthur and sent troops for the cause. The usual [[Angevan]] fracas ensued (the family had been fighting each other on and off for over 25 years) with the usual French involvement.  

Richard’s younger brother, [[King John|John]], claimed the throne and this was supported by John's mother, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]] (with the considerable forces of her dominions), the much respected [[William Marshal]] and many of the English [[barons]]. Arthur, through his mother (he was only 12 when Richard died) had an inevitable ally in King Philip II of [[France]] who, as feudal overlord, transferred control of the land from John to Arthur and sent troops for the cause. The usual [[Angevan]] fracas ensued (the family had been fighting each other on and off for over 25 years) with the usual French involvement.