Changes

Goldner, Winifred, and their sons moved to St. Petersburg in 1947<ref name=ameacham/> or 1949.<ref name=hartzell/> He established a law practice in the Hall Building with [[William C. Cramer]], a native of [[Denver]], [[Colorado]], who had grown up in St. Petersburg with his birth family. A Republican, Goldner urged Cramer, then a Democrat, to switch parties. Until this period, Florida had been essentially a one-party, Democratic state for decades since the disenfranchising of most blacks at the turn of the century. Most whites were traditionally Democratic Party members.

Goldner, Winifred, and their sons moved to St. Petersburg in 1947<ref name=ameacham/> or 1949.<ref name=hartzell/> He established a law practice in the Hall Building with [[William C. Cramer]], a native of [[Denver]], [[Colorado]], who had grown up in St. Petersburg with his birth family. A Republican, Goldner urged Cramer, then a Democrat, to switch parties. Until this period, Florida had been essentially a one-party, Democratic state for decades since the disenfranchising of most blacks at the turn of the century. Most whites were traditionally Democratic Party members.

Cramer joined Goldner in the [[Republican Party|GOP]] in 1949; the next year he was elected as a state representative.. In 1954, he was narrowly elected to Florida's 1st congressional district seat in the [[United States House of Representatives]].<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/stable/30150884?loginSuccess=true&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Billy Hathorn, "Cramer v. Kirk: The Florida Republican Schism of 1970"], ''Florida Historical Quarterly'' (April 1990), Vol. 68, No. 4, p. 404</ref><ref>[[Florida's 1st congressional district]], represented in 2016 by Republican [[Jeff Miller (Florida politician)|Jeff Miller]], now covers the Florida Panhandle as far west as the [[Alabama]] border.</ref>

Cramer joined Goldner in the [[Republican Party|GOP]] in 1949; the next year he was elected as a state representative.. In 1954, he was narrowly elected to Florida's 1st congressional district seat in the [[United States House of Representatives]].<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/stable/30150884?loginSuccess=true&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Billy Hathorn, "Cramer v. Kirk: The Florida Republican Schism of 1970"], ''Florida Historical Quarterly'' (April 1990), Vol. 68, No. 4, p. 404</ref><ref>Florida's 1st congressional district, represented in 2016 by Republican Jeff Miller, now covers the Florida Panhandle as far west as the [[Alabama]] state line.</ref>

Cramer was a [[conservative]]. Goldner, then a [[Moderate Republican]], managed the 1960 Republican campaign in Pinellas County. In 1961, he was elected mayor by a wide margin. When told that his [[African-American]] supporters could not attend his inaugural ball because St. Petersburg at the time was a legally [[Segregation|segregated]] city, Goldner instead funded a private celebration to which all were invited. Mayor Goldner founded the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council and sought to consolidate various municipalities and unincorporated areas in south Pinellas County.<ref name=ameacham/> In 1965, while running for his third term, Mayor Goldner was hospitalized with a slipped disc for much of the campaign, and his victory by 4 percentage points depended on black support.<ref name=hartzell/>

Cramer was a [[conservative]]. Goldner, then a [[Moderate Republican]], managed the 1960 Republican campaign in Pinellas County. In 1961, he was elected mayor by a wide margin. When told that his [[African-American]] supporters could not attend his inaugural ball because St. Petersburg at the time was a legally [[Segregation|segregated]] city, Goldner instead funded a private celebration to which all were invited. Mayor Goldner founded the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council and sought to consolidate various municipalities and unincorporated areas in south Pinellas County.<ref name=ameacham/> In 1965, while running for his third term, Mayor Goldner was hospitalized with a slipped disc for much of the campaign, and his victory by 4 percentage points depended on black support.<ref name=hartzell/>