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Since the beginning of the digital computer, and even before this (when computers were mechanical), computers have always used "ones" and "zeros" for every calculation and operation.   
 
Since the beginning of the digital computer, and even before this (when computers were mechanical), computers have always used "ones" and "zeros" for every calculation and operation.   
 
*The processor and circuitry operate using electrical pulses.  A pulse is a "one" while a pause (no additional energy sent) is a "zero."   
 
*The processor and circuitry operate using electrical pulses.  A pulse is a "one" while a pause (no additional energy sent) is a "zero."   
*The [[Random-access memory|RAM]] switches are held in one position ("one") or released to the other ("zero")
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*The [[Random-access memory|RAM]] memory bits are represented by charges ("one") or the absence of a charge ("zero")
 
*Magnetic disks are magnetized to positive or negative, which represent "zero" and "one"
 
*Magnetic disks are magnetized to positive or negative, which represent "zero" and "one"
 
*Optical disks have their foil melted by laser to show "zero" vs. "one"
 
*Optical disks have their foil melted by laser to show "zero" vs. "one"
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