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The city has a total area of 11.85 square miles, including 11.83 of land and 0.02 of water. Most of it sits on an elevated plateau that divides the watersheds of the Gasconade River (a tributary of the [[Missouri River]]) to the west and northwest and the Meramec River (a direct tributary of the [[Mississippi River]]) to the east. It has an average elevation of 1,122 feet, the land generally sloping downward toward the south.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt</ref>
The city has a total area of 11.85 square miles, including 11.83 of land and 0.02 of water. Most of it sits on an elevated plateau that divides the watersheds of the Gasconade River (a tributary of the [[Missouri River]]) to the west and northwest and the Meramec River (a direct tributary of the [[Mississippi River]]) to the east. It has an average elevation of 1,122 feet, the land generally sloping downward toward the south.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt</ref>
===Weather and Climate===
Like most of southern Missouri, Rolla has a humid subtropical climate, characterized by hot summers and cool winters with a moderately high amount of precipitation. January temperatures average 31°F, while July temperatures average 78°F. Summer highs above 100°F and winter lows below 0°F are fairly rare, but not unknown. The highest recorded temperature was 113°F on July 15, 1954, while the record low was -24°F on January 13, 1912. Average annual precipitation is 47.22 inches, including some 19 inches of snow; the record for one-day precipitation was 7.90 inches, on July 26, 1998.<ref>https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=sgf</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Month !! Average High (°F) !! Average Low (°F) !! Average Precipitation (in)
|-
| January || 40.5 || 21.2 || 2.56
|-
| February || 45.7 || 24.8 || 2.55
|-
| March || 55.7 || 33.7 || 3.91
|-
| April || 66.9 || 44.4 || 4.39
|-
| May || 75.4 || 54.6 || 5.50
|-
| June || 83.5 || 63.5 || 4.84
|-
| July || 88.5 || 68.0 || 4.77
|-
| August || 88.1 || 66.5 || 4.08
|-
| September || 79.7 || 57.4 || 4.30
|-
| October || 68.5 || 46.2 || 3.66
|-
| November || 55.8 || 35.9 || 4.36
|-
| December || 43.1 || 24.5 || 3.30
|-
| Annual || 67.9 || 43.6 || 47.22
|}
==Demographics==
==Demographics==
The Rolla community has possessed a school system since 1871, originally sharing some of its buildings with the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy. Today, the city and the surrounding regions are served by the Rolla School District 31, a PK-12 public institution with a total enrollment of about 4,250 students, which are split between three PK-3 elementary schools (Colonel John B. Wyman, Harry S. Truman, and Mark Twain Elementary Schools), Rolla Middle School (4-6), Rolla Junior High School (7-8), and Rolla High School (9-12).<ref>https://www.greatschools.org/missouri/rolla/rolla-31-school-district/</ref> Its mascot is the Bulldogs, and the school colors are maroon and silver.<ref>https://www.rolla31.org/</ref>
The Rolla community has possessed a school system since 1871, originally sharing some of its buildings with the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy. Today, the city and the surrounding regions are served by the Rolla School District 31, a PK-12 public institution with a total enrollment of about 4,250 students, which are split between three PK-3 elementary schools (Colonel John B. Wyman, Harry S. Truman, and Mark Twain Elementary Schools), Rolla Middle School (4-6), Rolla Junior High School (7-8), and Rolla High School (9-12).<ref>https://www.greatschools.org/missouri/rolla/rolla-31-school-district/</ref> Its mascot is the Bulldogs, and the school colors are maroon and silver.<ref>https://www.rolla31.org/</ref>
The city is also home to three private schools: Immanuel Lutheran School (K-6), operated by the [[Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod]]; Rolla Seventh-Day Adventist School (K-7), operated by the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]]; and St. Patrick Elementary School (PK-8), operated by the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. In addition, there is an alternative K-12 school, B. W. Robinson State School, and two vocational/technical centers for high school students.
The city is also home to three private schools: Immanuel Lutheran School (K-6), operated by the [[Lutheran Church Missouri Synod]]; Rolla Seventh-Day Adventist School (K-7), operated by the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]]; and St. Patrick Elementary School (PK-8), operated by the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. In addition, there is an alternative K-12 school, B. W. Robinson State School, and two vocational/technical centers for high school students.
Rolla is well-known as the home of the Missouri University of Science and Technology, one of the state's leading institutions of higher education in engineering. Other local institutions at the university/college level include satellite campuses of Columbia College, Drury University, and East Central College.
Rolla is well-known as the home of the Missouri University of Science and Technology, one of the state's leading institutions of higher education in engineering. Other local institutions at the university/college level include satellite campuses of Columbia College, Drury University, and East Central College.