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Charles V (21 January 1338 – 16 September 1380), called the Wise (French: le Sage; Latin: Sapiens), was King of France from 1364 to his death. His reign marked an early high point for France during the Hundred Years' War, with his armies recovering much of the territory held by the English, and successfully reversed the military losses of his predecessors.

 

|name=Charles V of France

Charles became regent of France when his father John II was captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356. To pay for the defense of the kingdom, Charles raised taxes. As a result, he faced hostility from the nobility, led by Charles the Bad, King of Navarre; the opposition of the French bourgeoisie, which was channeled through the Estates-General led by Étienne Marcel; and with a peasant revolt known as the Jacquerie. Charles overcame all of these rebellions, but in order to liberate his father, he had to conclude the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360, in which he abandoned large portions of south-western France to Edward III of England and agreed to pay a huge ransom.

 

|birth_date=January 21, 1338

Charles became king in 1364. With the help of talented advisers, his skillful management of the kingdom allowed him to replenish the royal treasury and to restore the prestige of the House of Valois. He established the first permanent army paid with regular wages, which liberated the French populace from the companies of routiers who regularly plundered the country when not employed. Led by Bertrand du Guesclin, the French Army was able to turn the tide of the Hundred Years' War to Charles' advantage, and by the end of Charles' reign, they had reconquered almost all the territories ceded to the English in 1360. Furthermore, the French fleet, led by Jean de Vienne, managed to attack the English coast for the first time since the beginning of the Hundred Years' War.

|death_date=September 16, 1380

|death_place=Beauté-sur-Marne, France

|resting_place=Burial: September 26, 1380 <br/> Saint Denis Basilica

|spouse=Joanna of Bourbon (m. 1350, d. 1378)

|children=[[Charles VI]] <br/> Louis I, Duke of Orléans <br/> Catherine of Valois

|office=[[King of France]]

|term_end=September 16, 1380

|preceded=[[Charles IV]]

|succeeded=[[John the Good (John II)|John II]]

Charles V (January 21, 1338 – September 16, 1380) was King of France from 1364 until his death in 1380, his reign was more successful than his predecessors and succeeded in taking back parts of land from the British and marked an early high point in French history during the [[Hundred Years War]], he is often given the nickname '''The Wise''' for his management during his reign.

Charles V died in 1380. He was succeeded by his son Charles VI, whose disastrous reign allowed the English to regain control of large parts of France.

Charles V died in 1380. He was succeeded by his son Charles VI, whose disastrous reign allowed the English to regain control of large parts of France.