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Bayliss was the youngest of five sons born to Fred Edwin Bayliss, Sr. (1872-1937), and the former Florence Eugenia Dixon (1882-1967) in the small city of McGehee (pronounced MAC GEE) in Desha County in southeastern [[Arkansas]]. In his early childhood, he was known by his middle name, Erastus.<ref name=bio/> His father, a conductor for the former Missouri Pacific Railroad (1872-1982), died a few months after Garland turned thirteen.<ref name=meb/>

Bayliss was the youngest of five sons born to Fred Edwin Bayliss, Sr. (1872-1937), and the former Florence Eugenia Dixon (1882-1967) in the small city of McGehee (pronounced MAC GEE) in Desha County in southeastern [[Arkansas]]. In his early childhood, he was known by his middle name, Erastus.<ref name=bio/> His father, a conductor for the former Missouri Pacific Railroad (1872-1982), died a few months after Garland turned thirteen.<ref name=meb/>

Bayliss attended public schools in McGehee. In his early childhood years, he was known by his middle name, but he soon dropped the use of "Erasmus." He graduated in 1942 from McGehee High School and briefly attended the regional University of Arkansas at Monticello in neighboring Drew County.<ref name=bio/>

Bayliss attended public schools in McGehee. In his early childhood years, he was known by his middle name, but he soon dropped the use of "Erastus." He graduated in 1942 from McGehee High School and briefly attended the regional University of Arkansas at Monticello in neighboring Drew County.<ref name=bio/>

==Military service==

==Military service==

==Career in education==

==Career in education==

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Back in civilian life, Bayliss completed his undergraduate degree in [[biology]] in 1947 at UA-Monticello. He taught school briefly in Dermott in Chicot County, also in southeastern Arkansas. He and his brother, James, relocated to Orange, Texas, in the far southeastern part of the state, to work for [[DuPont]] chemical company. There he met his wife, the former Mary Evelyn Futrell (born October 1927), then a medical technologist at Orange Hospital. The couple married on May 5, 1950, and Bayliss enrolled at the [[University of Texas at Austin|University of Texas]] in the capital city of [[Austin]], where he obtained his [[Master of Arts]] degree in history. He and Mary relocated to [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[South Carolina]], where he taught at [[The Citadel|The Citadale: The Military College of South Carolina]]. He joined the TAMU faculty in 1957, where he remained for thirty-five years as professor of [[United States Constitution|constitutional]] and [[Reconstruction]] studies. While at TAMU, he received the [[Ph.D.]] in 1972 from the University of Texas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/history/alumni/by-year/1970s.php|title=University of Texas Department of History: List of Doctoral Students: 1972|publisher=utexas.edu|accessdate=June 26, 2015; material no longer on-line}}</ref> His dissertation is entitled ''Public Affairs in Arkansas, 1874-1896,'' which includes a study of the Agricultural Wheel, an agrarian reform movement and such issues as the [[poll tax]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=2091|title=Agricultural Wheel|publisher=''The Encyclopedia of Arkansas''|accessdate=May 31, 2020}}</ref>​

Back in civilian life, Bayliss completed his undergraduate degree in [[biology]] in 1947 at UA-Monticello. He taught school briefly in Dermott in Chicot County, also in southeastern Arkansas. He and his brother, James, relocated to Orange, Texas, in the far southeastern part of the state, to work for [[DuPont]] chemical company. There he met his wife, the former Mary Evelyn Futrell (1927-2021), then a medical technologist at Orange Hospital.<ref>{{cite web|url=

 

 

The couple married on May 5, 1950, and Bayliss enrolled at the [[University of Texas at Austin|University of Texas]] in the capital city of [[Austin]], where he obtained his [[Master of Arts]] degree in history. He and Mary relocated to [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[South Carolina]], where he taught at [[The Citadel|The Citadale: The Military College of South Carolina]]. He joined the TAMU faculty in 1957, where he remained for thirty-five years as professor of [[United States Constitution|constitutional]] and [[Reconstruction]] studies. While at TAMU, he received the [[Ph.D.]] in 1972 from the University of Texas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/history/alumni/by-year/1970s.php|title=University of Texas Department of History: List of Doctoral Students: 1972|publisher=utexas.edu|accessdate=June 26, 2015; material no longer on-line}}</ref> His dissertation is entitled ''Public Affairs in Arkansas, 1874-1896,'' which includes a study of the Agricultural Wheel, an agrarian reform movement and such issues as the [[poll tax]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=2091|title=Agricultural Wheel|publisher=''The Encyclopedia of Arkansas''|accessdate=May 31, 2020}}</ref>​

In the fall of 1964, Bayliss published "Post-Reconstruction Repudiation: Evil Blot or Financial Necessity?" in ''The Arkansas Historical Quarterly,'' a study of the public debt that was accumulated during the era of Reconstruction and its subsequent repudiation by the [[Democratic Party|Democrat]] Redeemer state government.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DCgquh5Wrm4C&pg=PA225&lpg=PA225&dq=Garland+E.+Bayliss&source=bl&ots=be494youC3&sig=zMiQdtC9jJIFgVK2Ufx3mzhs1uQ&hl=en&ei=d-kTMfoLoP_8Abhy9WyDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CCoQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Garland%20E.%20Bayliss&f=false.|author=John Michael Giggie|title=After Redemption: Jim Crow and the Transformation of African American Religion in the Delta, 1875-1915,|date=2008|pages=243–259|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=[[New York City]]|accessdate=May 31, 2020}}</ref>​

In the fall of 1964, Bayliss published "Post-Reconstruction Repudiation: Evil Blot or Financial Necessity?" in ''The Arkansas Historical Quarterly,'' a study of the public debt that was accumulated during the era of Reconstruction and its subsequent repudiation by the [[Democratic Party|Democrat]] Redeemer state government.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DCgquh5Wrm4C&pg=PA225&lpg=PA225&dq=Garland+E.+Bayliss&source=bl&ots=be494youC3&sig=zMiQdtC9jJIFgVK2Ufx3mzhs1uQ&hl=en&ei=d-kTMfoLoP_8Abhy9WyDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CCoQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Garland%20E.%20Bayliss&f=false.|author=John Michael Giggie|title=After Redemption: Jim Crow and the Transformation of African American Religion in the Delta, 1875-1915,|date=2008|pages=243–259|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=[[New York City]]|accessdate=May 31, 2020}}</ref>​