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'''Guy Fawkes''' (April 1570 - January 31, 1606) was born in Stonegate, York. He was an English soldier who had fought as a mercenary for the Spanish and part of the [[Roman Catholic]] extremist group who tried to carry out the [[Gunpowder Plot]] on November 5, 1605.  The plot was to assassinate King James I of [[England]] and the whole of [[Protestantism|Protestant]] [[Parliament]] by blowing up the Palace of Westminster during the opening session of Parliament. This would have created a power vacuum, supposedly allowing the Catholic Church to seize power.  A more likely reason for the plot is that it was an effort by Catholics to try and fight back against the strong anti-Catholic movement in the British government in the period of time around the Protestant Revolution.  Fawkes was caught before he could put this plan into action. He was interrogated through [[torture]]. Torture was normally forbidden but James I permitted it with the words: "if he will not other wayes confesse, the gentler tortours are to be first usid unto him ''et sic per gradus ad ima tenditur'' [and so on step by step to the most severe] and so god spede youre goode worke."<ref>http://www.francesfarmersrevenge.com/stuff/archive/torture/london.htm</ref> Fawkes was ultimately put to death along with his co-conspirators for treason and attempted murder. He died on January 31, 1606, by being hung, drawn and quartered.

'''Guy Fawkes''' (1570-1606) was born in Stonegate, York. He was an English soldier who had fought as a mercenary for the Spanish and part of the [[Roman Catholic]] extremist group who tried to carry out the [[Gunpowder Plot]] on November 5, 1605.  The plot was to assassinate King James I of [[England]] and the whole of [[Protestantism|Protestant]] [[Parliament]] by blowing up the Palace of Westminster during the opening session of Parliament. This would have created a power vacuum, supposedly allowing the Catholic Church to seize power.  A more likely reason for the plot is that it was an effort by Catholics to try and fight back against the strong anti-Catholic movement in the British government in the period of time around the Protestant Revolution.  Fawkes was caught before he could put this plan into action. He was interrogated through [[torture]]. Torture was normally forbidden but James I permitted it with the words: "if he will not other wayes confesse, the gentler tortours are to be first usid unto him ''et sic per gradus ad ima tenditur'' [and so on step by step to the most severe] and so god spede youre goode worke."<ref>http://www.francesfarmersrevenge.com/stuff/archive/torture/london.htm</ref> Fawkes was ultimately put to death along with his co-conspirators for treason and attempted murder. He died on January 31, 1606, by being hung, drawn and quartered.

His death is celebrated in Great Britain every year on [[Guy Fawkes Day]], November 5 with fireworks and bonfires. This festival originated in the 17th century as a celebration of the failure of the Gunpowder Plot, and an expression of anger at the conspirators (by burning Guy Fawkes in effigy), and was associated with English patriotism and anti-Catholic sentiments.  Nowadays it has lost these connotations and is often known simply as "[[Bonfire Night]]". Traditionally a stuffed dummy or scarecrow, called a 'Guy', is put on the bonfire before it is lit.

His death is celebrated in Great Britain every year on [[Guy Fawkes Day]], November 5 with fireworks and bonfires. This festival originated in the 17th century as a celebration of the failure of the Gunpowder Plot, and an expression of anger at the conspirators (by burning Guy Fawkes in effigy), and was associated with English patriotism and anti-Catholic sentiments.  Nowadays it has lost these connotations and is often known simply as "[[Bonfire Night]]". Traditionally a stuffed dummy or scarecrow, called a 'Guy', is put on the bonfire before it is lit.