Changes

==Events==

==Events==

First, some twenty Phalangist militiamen were executed, and civilians were lined up against a wall and sprayed with machine-gun fire.<ref>Fisk, 2001, pp. 99–100.</ref> Estimates of the number killed range from 100 to 500.<ref>[[David Hirst (journalist)|Hirst, David]] (2010) ''Beware of Small States. Lebanon, battleground of the Middle East.'' Faber and Faber. {{ISBN|978-0-571-23741-8}} p.111: ‘some 150’ killed</ref> Among the killed were family members of '''Elie Hobeika''' and his fiancée.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elie Hobeika |url=http://www.moreorless.au.com/killers/hobeika.html |work=moreorless : heroes & killers of the 20th century |publisher=www.moreorless.au.com |access-date=9 June 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805143542/http://www.moreorless.au.com/killers/hobeika.html |archive-date=August 5, 2012 |df=mdy }}</ref>  

First, some twenty Phalangist militiamen were executed, and civilians were lined up against a wall and sprayed with machine-gun fire.<ref>Fisk, 2001, pp. 99–100.</ref> Estimates of the number killed range from 100 to 500.<ref>David Hirst, (2010) ''Beware of Small States. Lebanon, battleground of the Middle East.'' Faber and Faber. {{ISBN|978-0-571-23741-8}} p.111: ‘some 150’ killed</ref> Among the killed were family members of '''Elie Hobeika''' and his fiancée.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elie Hobeika |url=http://www.moreorless.au.com/killers/hobeika.html |work=moreorless : heroes & killers of the 20th century |publisher=www.moreorless.au.com |access-date=9 June 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805143542/http://www.moreorless.au.com/killers/hobeika.html |archive-date=August 5, 2012 |df=mdy }}</ref>  

[[NYT]]'s Thomas L. Friedman explains the Phalangist ''Damouri Brigade'', which carried out the ''Sabra and Shatila'' killing during the 1982 Lebanon War, sought revenge not only for the assassination of Bachir Gemayel but also for what he describes as past killings of their own people by Palestinians, including those at Damour.<ref>Friedman, 1998, p. 161.</ref><ref>Friedman, ''New York Times'', Sep 20, 21, 26, 27, 1982.</ref>

[[NYT]]'s Thomas L. Friedman explains the Phalangist ''Damouri Brigade'', which carried out the ''Sabra and Shatila'' killing during the 1982 Lebanon War, sought revenge not only for the assassination of Bachir Gemayel but also for what he describes as past killings of their own people by Palestinians, including those at Damour.<ref>Friedman, 1998, p. 161.</ref><ref>Friedman, ''New York Times'', Sep 20, 21, 26, 27, 1982.</ref>

==Perpetrators==

==Perpetrators==

The main forces have been by brigades from the Muslim Lebanese ''al-Murabitun'' militia, the ''Palestinian Liberation Army''<ref>Some sources name the ''Palestine Liberation Army'' Ayn Jalout brigade armed by [[Egypt]] and the [[Battle of al-Qādisiyyah|Qadisiyah]] brigade from [[Iraq]]. [http://www.freelebanon.org/articles/a381.htm This page] [https://web.archive.org/web/20060114230542/http://www.freelebanon.org/articles/a381.htm this page] also mentions the Yarmouk brigade, set up by Syria.</ref> and as-Sa'iqa, as well as other members of other groups, including [[Fatah]]. Some sources also mention the ''Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] (PFLP), the [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine'' (DFLP) among the attackers. There are reports that PLO forces were additionally joined by militiamen from [[Syria]], [[Jordan]], [[Libya]],<ref name="Davis1990">{{cite book|author=Brian Lee Davis|title=Qaddafi, Terrorism, and the Origins of the U.S. Attack on Libya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQzJHVNUkt4C&pg=PA11|access-date=July 27, 2013|date=January 1, 1990|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-275-93302-9|page=11}}</ref> [[Iran]], [[Pakistan]] and [[Afghanistan]], and possibly even [[Japanese Red Army]] terrorists who were then undergoing training by the ''Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine'' in Lebanon.<ref>Nisan, 2003, p. 41.</ref>

The main forces have been by brigades from the Muslim Lebanese ''al-Murabitun'' militia, the ''Palestinian Liberation Army''<ref>Some sources name the ''Palestine Liberation Army'' Ayn Jalout brigade armed by [[Egypt]] and the [[Battle of al-Qādisiyyah|Qadisiyah]] brigade from [[Iraq]]. [http://www.freelebanon.org/articles/a381.htm This page] [https://web.archive.org/web/20060114230542/http://www.freelebanon.org/articles/a381.htm this page] also mentions the Yarmouk brigade, set up by Syria.</ref> and as-Sa'iqa, as well as other members of other groups, including [[Fatah]]. Some sources also mention the ''Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine'' (PFLP), the ''Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine'' (DFLP) among the attackers. There are reports that PLO forces were additionally joined by militiamen from [[Syria]], [[Jordan]], [[Libya]],<ref name="Davis1990">{{cite book|author=Brian Lee Davis|title=Qaddafi, Terrorism, and the Origins of the U.S. Attack on Libya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQzJHVNUkt4C&pg=PA11|access-date=July 27, 2013|date=January 1, 1990|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-275-93302-9|page=11}}</ref> [[Iran]], [[Pakistan]] and [[Afghanistan]], and possibly even [[Japanese Red Army]] terrorists who were then undergoing training by the ''Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine'' in Lebanon.<ref>Nisan, 2003, p. 41.</ref>

==Notes==

==Notes==