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'''Jiang Zemin''' was the top Chinese leader from about 1992 until 2002. [[Deng Xiaoping]] appointed him chairman of the [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Chinese_Communist_Party#Central_Military_Commission_-_People.27s_Liberation_Army|Central Military Commission]] in 1989, after the [[Tiananmen Square Massacre]]. Although this is normally the top position in the Communist party, Deng at first retained authority supported by a group of senior leaders called the Eight Elders. This group lost influence in 1992-1993 as its elderly members retired from active politics. After a brief attempt to reassert control in 1993, Deng himself withdrew from politics. Deng died in 1997. Jiang refused to improve China’s record on [[human rights]], [[Christianity]], and [[democracy]].
'''Jiang Zemin''' was the top Chinese leader from about 1992 until 2002. [[Deng Xiaoping]] appointed him chairman of the [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Chinese_Communist_Party#Central_Military_Commission_-_People.27s_Liberation_Army|Central Military Commission]] in 1989, after the [[Tiananmen Square Massacre]]. Although this is normally the top position in the Communist party, Deng at first retained authority supported by a group of senior leaders called the Eight Elders. This group lost influence in 1992-1993 as its elderly members retired from active politics. After a brief attempt to reassert control in 1993, Deng himself withdrew from politics. Deng died in 1997. Jiang refused to improve China’s record on [[human rights]], [[Christianity]], and [[democracy]].
==Persecution of Falun Gong==
[[File:TiananmenSquareAppeal-minghui.jpg|left|250px|thumb|Falun Gong arrests in Tiananmen Square.]]
In 1989, the [[Tiananmen Square democracy protests]] were inspired by an explosion of democracy protests worldwide, resulting in the [[Fall of the Berlin Wall]], the Czech [[Velvet Revolution]], and the collapse of Soviet Communism. The Chinese protests however were quashed when the so-called "People's Liberation Army" killed over 10,000 Chinese people. The Chinese Communist Party then established a registry of social organizations, in order to head off political upheaval. Falun Gong, a revival of pre-Maoist Cultural Revolution traditions, registered with the Chinese government in 1992. It soon attracted “tens of millions of adherents,” the political-science professor Maria Hsia Chang writes in ''Falun Gong: The End of Days.''' Falun Gong started holding enormous gatherings; by the mid- 1990s, there were more than two thousand Falun Gong practice sites in [[Beijing]] alone. Troubled by the possibility that a large part of the population was becoming more loyal to Falun Gong than to the Communist Party, the government began cracking down on groups and banning sales of Falun Gong publications.
By 1999, the CCP estimated that the group had seventy million adherents; that year, more than ten thousand of them staged a silent protest in Tiananmen Square. An arrest warrant was issued for Li Hongzhi, the group founder, who had by then immigrated to Queens, New York. The Chinese National Congress subsequently passed, and began [[violent]]ly enforcing, an "anti-cult law".<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20101127131821/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/16/world/china-expels-53-foreign-falun-gong-followers.html</ref>
The [[610 Office]] is the main organization created to eliminate Falun Gong. It is nominally subordinate to the Political and Legal Affairs Committee (PLAC). The Political and Legal Affairs Committee purview was expanded after the 610 Office was incorporated into it. The 610 Office derives its name from the date of its founding, June 10th, 1999. After that date, almost every Party branch, from the province to the county to the district level, established its own 610 Office. The source of the 610 Office’s ability to operate extralegally and with impunity is not drawn from the State. Neither the People's Congress nor the State Council has authorized its actions. Rather, approval and support for its deeds comes from the CCP. Each 610 Office takes orders from the 610 Office one level above it, going up to the Central Committee 610 Office. The local 610 Offices also take orders from the leadership team of the CCP Committee at its same organizational level.<ref>http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/droi/dv/506_yiyangxia_/506_yiyangxia_en.pdf</ref> It later changed its name to the Central Leading Group on Dealing with Heretical Religions or Office of Maintaining Stability.
==Genocide==
==Genocide==