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Knowland, a supporter of [[Joseph McCarthy]], was one of twenty-two mostly [[conservative]] senators who voted against the censure of Wisconsin Republican who had investigated and exposed [[communist]] infiltration of the U.S. government.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/83-1954/s271 S. RES. 301. PASSAGE.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/1954McCarthyCensure.pdf 1954McCarthyCensure.pdf]. ''United States Senate''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> The censure was backed by both moderate/liberal Republicans and the large majority of Democrats, including the Southern [[segregation]]ists.

Knowland, a supporter of [[Joseph McCarthy]], was one of twenty-two mostly [[conservative]] senators who voted against the censure of Wisconsin Republican who had investigated and exposed [[communist]] infiltration of the U.S. government.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/83-1954/s271 S. RES. 301. PASSAGE.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/1954McCarthyCensure.pdf 1954McCarthyCensure.pdf]. ''United States Senate''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> The censure was backed by both moderate/liberal Republicans and the large majority of Democrats, including the Southern [[segregation]]ists.

A [[civil rights]] advocate, Knowland gave strong support to the [[Civil Rights Act of 1957]],<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/law/law/civil-rights-act-1957 Civil Rights Act of 1957]. ''encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> which he ensured Senate passage<ref>Knight, Martin (March 1, 2020). [https://redstate.com/diary/martin_a_knight/2020/03/01/791552-n241095 The Republican Party, Race and the South - Correcting The Record]. ''RedState''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> which he was the floor manager of<ref name=snac/> and voted for along with over 90% of Senate Republicans.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s75 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> He opposed efforts supported by the majority of Senate Democrats (both Northern and Southern) at the direction of future president [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] (who was the [[Senate Majority Leader]] at the time) which watered down the bill.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s71 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO DELETE AUTHORITY FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL TO SEEK PREVENTIVE RELIEF IN CIVIL RIGHTS CASES UNDER THE 14TH AMENDMENT.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s73 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref>

A [[civil rights]] advocate, Knowland gave strong support to the [[Civil Rights Act of 1957]],<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/law/law/civil-rights-act-1957 Civil Rights Act of 1957]. ''encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> which he ensured Senate passage<ref>Knight, Martin (March 1, 2020). [https://redstate.com/diary/martin_a_knight/2020/03/01/791552-n241095 The Republican Party, Race and the South - Correcting The Record]. ''RedState''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> which he was the floor manager of<ref name=snac/> and voted for along with over 90% of Senate Republicans.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s75 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> He opposed efforts supported by the majority of Senate Democrats (both Northern and Southern) at the direction of future president [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] (who was the [[Senate Majority Leader]] at the time) which watered down the bill, voting against the removal of Title III (which allowed the [[United States Attorney General]] to seek preventative relief in civil rights cases)<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s71 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO DELETE AUTHORITY FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL TO SEEK PREVENTIVE RELIEF IN CIVIL RIGHTS CASES UNDER THE 14TH AMENDMENT.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> and the [[jury trial amendment]].<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s73 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> According to Johnson biographer [[Robert A. Caro]] following the passage of the latter weakening amendment:

The 1957 civil rights debate was not the only time Knowland proved to be outmaneuvered by the deceitful and shrewd  Johnson.<ref name=snac/><ref>FascinatingPolitics (August 30, 2021). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2020/08/30/the-wizard-of-ooze-everett-dirksen-of-illinois/ The Wizard of Ooze: Everett Dirksen of Illinois]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved August 22, 2021.</ref> After leaving the Senate, he was replaced as the Senate GOP leader by fellow [[Illinois]] conservative [[Everett Dirksen]], who defeated [[Kentucky]] [[Moderate Republican]] [[John Sherman Cooper]] for the post.

The 1957 civil rights debate was not the only time Knowland proved to be outmaneuvered by the deceitful and shrewd  Johnson.<ref name=snac/><ref>FascinatingPolitics (August 30, 2021). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2020/08/30/the-wizard-of-ooze-everett-dirksen-of-illinois/ The Wizard of Ooze: Everett Dirksen of Illinois]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved August 22, 2021.</ref> After leaving the Senate, he was replaced as the Senate GOP leader by fellow [[Illinois]] conservative [[Everett Dirksen]], who defeated [[Kentucky]] [[Moderate Republican]] [[John Sherman Cooper]] for the post.