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Line 3: + − [[File:Daszak shi 0 0.jpg|left|300px|thumb|[[Peter Daszak]] (right) toasting Shi Zhengli (left).]]+ − − Then in November, 2015, Shi and her team at the Wuhan virology lab once again published a paper. This time in the British journal, ''Nature Medicine''.<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.3985</ref> They discussed the creation of a synthetic virus, a self-replicating Chimeric virus. This virus had the SARS virus as the framework, with the key S protein replaced, by the one they had found in a bat coronavirus, she mentioned in her 2013 paper. This new virus demonstrated a powerful ability for cross-species infection. Line 16:
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==Coronovirus research on bats==
==Coronovirus research on bats==
[[File:Daszak shi 0 0.jpg|left|300px|thumb|[[Peter Daszak]] (right) toasting Shi Zhengli (left).]]
Since the [[SARS-CoVid-1|SARS outbreak in 2003]], Shi Zhengli had been conducting research on [[coronavirus]]es. From 2010 onward, the focus of Shi and her team, was redirected to identifying the capacity for coronavirus transmission across species, specifically putting the spotlight on the S protein of the coronaviruses. Her team's research in the Wuhan virology lab, has been looking into the part that can make coronaviruses transmittable to humans.
Since the [[SARS-CoVid-1|SARS outbreak in 2003]], Shi Zhengli had been conducting research on [[coronavirus]]es. From 2010 onward, the focus of Shi and her team, was redirected to identifying the capacity for coronavirus transmission across species, specifically putting the spotlight on the S protein of the coronaviruses. Her team's research in the Wuhan virology lab, has been looking into the part that can make coronaviruses transmittable to humans.
In June, 2010, a team including Shi Zhengli, published a paper. It described research to understand the susceptibility of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ACE-2 proteins, of different bat species to the S Protein of the SARS virus. In the experiments, they also modified key amino acid codons to mutate the bats ACE-2 to examine compatibility with the SARS S Protein. This paper demonstrated their awareness of the special relationship between the S Protein and the ACE-2 receptor. It also signified that Shi had unearthed the passageway for coronaviruses into human bodies.
In June, 2010, a team including Shi Zhengli, published a paper. It described research to understand the susceptibility of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ACE-2 proteins, of different bat species to the S Protein of the SARS virus. In the experiments, they also modified key amino acid codons to mutate the bats ACE-2 to examine compatibility with the SARS S Protein. This paper demonstrated their awareness of the special relationship between the S Protein and the ACE-2 receptor. It also signified that Shi had unearthed the passageway for coronaviruses into human bodies.
In October, 2013, Shi and her team published a paper in ''Nature''. They claimed a breakthrough in coronavirus research. They successfully isolated three viruses from bats, one of which had a S Protein that integrated with human ACE-2 receptors. This effectively demonstrated the direct human infection of SARS-like viruses to humans, without the need of an intermediate host.
In October, 2013, Shi and her team published a paper in ''Nature''. They claimed a breakthrough in coronavirus research. They successfully isolated three viruses from bats, one of which had a S Protein that integrated with human ACE-2 receptors. This effectively demonstrated the direct human infection of SARS-like viruses to humans, without the need of an intermediate host.
{|class="infobox" style="float:right; font-size:85%; width:1ex; line-height:17px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 50px" cellpadding="1"
{|class="infobox" style="float:right; font-size:85%; width:1ex; line-height:17px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 50px" cellpadding="1"
|[[File:Shi Zhengli 2.PNG|208px]]
|[[File:Shi Zhengli 2.PNG|208px]]
|colspan="3"|<hr/>Left:Shi Zhengli; Right:Ralph Baric.
|colspan="3"|<hr/>Left:Shi Zhengli; Right:Ralph Baric.
|}
|}
Then in November, 2015, Shi and her team at the Wuhan virology lab once again published a paper. This time in the British journal, ''Nature Medicine''.<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.3985</ref> They discussed the creation of a synthetic virus, a self-replicating Chimeric virus. This virus had the SARS virus as the framework, with the key S protein replaced, by the one they had found in a bat coronavirus, she mentioned in her 2013 paper. This new virus demonstrated a powerful ability for cross-species infection.
The mice infected with the synthetic virus revealed severe lung damage with no cure. This symbolized that Shi's successful splicing of the SARS virus, was a key to open the door to the cross-species transmission. They planned to further experiment on [[primate]]s, although Shi Zhengli did not indicate any conclusion from this research. Her move to research on primates wasn't done without controversy. Shi's experiments quickly triggered widespread debates from the academic community. Simon Wain-Hobson of the Pasteur Institute in [[France]], expressed deep concerns. He told ''Nature'', "If the new virus escaped, nobody could predict the trajectory. Propagation could happen anywhere."<ref>https://archive.is/Rb0Lb</ref>
The mice infected with the synthetic virus revealed severe lung damage with no cure. This symbolized that Shi's successful splicing of the SARS virus, was a key to open the door to the cross-species transmission. They planned to further experiment on [[primate]]s, although Shi Zhengli did not indicate any conclusion from this research. Her move to research on primates wasn't done without controversy. Shi's experiments quickly triggered widespread debates from the academic community. Simon Wain-Hobson of the Pasteur Institute in [[France]], expressed deep concerns. He told ''Nature'', "If the new virus escaped, nobody could predict the trajectory. Propagation could happen anywhere."<ref>https://archive.is/Rb0Lb</ref>
After the Wuhan outbreak, [[India]]n researchers compared the S Protein sequence between 2019-nCoV (Wuhan coronavirus) and SARS. They discovered that 2019-nCoV (Wuhan coronavirus) had four new sequences inserted, all of which can be found in [[HIV]] sequences, through a search on GenBank.<ref>Pradhan, Prashant & Pandey, Ashutosh & Mishra, Akhilesh & Gupta, Parul & Tripathi, Praveen & Menon, Manoj & Gomes, James & Perumal, Vivekanandan & Kundu, Bishwajit. (2020). ''Uncanny similarity of unique inserts in the 2019-nCoV spike protein to HIV-1 gp120 and Gag.'' 10.1101/2020.01.30.927871. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338957445_Uncanny_similarity_of_unique_inserts_in_the_2019-nCoV_spike_protein_to_HIV-1_gp120_and_Gag]</ref> Shi Zhengli discredited those observations, although she never denied the existence of the four inserted sequences. However, scientists probing GenBank, found that there were only three viruses containing all sequences. The first is the HIV virus itself. The second is a bat coronavirus discovered by Shi, and the third is the Wuhan coronavirus.
After the Wuhan outbreak, [[India]]n researchers compared the S Protein sequence between 2019-nCoV (Wuhan coronavirus) and SARS. They discovered that 2019-nCoV (Wuhan coronavirus) had four new sequences inserted, all of which can be found in [[HIV]] sequences, through a search on GenBank.<ref>Pradhan, Prashant & Pandey, Ashutosh & Mishra, Akhilesh & Gupta, Parul & Tripathi, Praveen & Menon, Manoj & Gomes, James & Perumal, Vivekanandan & Kundu, Bishwajit. (2020). ''Uncanny similarity of unique inserts in the 2019-nCoV spike protein to HIV-1 gp120 and Gag.'' 10.1101/2020.01.30.927871. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338957445_Uncanny_similarity_of_unique_inserts_in_the_2019-nCoV_spike_protein_to_HIV-1_gp120_and_Gag]</ref> Shi Zhengli discredited those observations, although she never denied the existence of the four inserted sequences. However, scientists probing GenBank, found that there were only three viruses containing all sequences. The first is the HIV virus itself. The second is a bat coronavirus discovered by Shi, and the third is the Wuhan coronavirus.
[[File:Daszak and Fauci.PNG|right|300px|thumb|Peter Daszak and [[Anthony Fauci]].]]
==Wuhan coronavirus outbreak==
==Wuhan coronavirus outbreak==
On January 23, 2020 the Wuhan virus exploded. While Wuhan announced the lockdown of the city, Dr. Shi Zhengli published a paper in the authoritative science journal, ''Nature'' on February 3, 2020 stating that the Wuhan coronavirus was of probable bat origin.<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7</ref> The paper indicated that the Wuhan virus utilized the same key as SARS to gain entry into the human body. She also announced the 2019-nCoV genome sequence was 96.2% consistent with a bat coronavirus originating in [[Yunnan]], China, called RaTG13, signaling a natural source of the Wuhan virus.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2020/02/24/study-china-lied-wuhan-virus-did-not-originate-in-meat-market/</ref>
On January 23, 2020 the Wuhan virus exploded. While Wuhan announced the lockdown of the city, Dr. Shi Zhengli published a paper in the authoritative science journal, ''Nature'' on February 3, 2020 stating that the Wuhan coronavirus was of probable bat origin.<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7</ref> The paper indicated that the Wuhan virus utilized the same key as SARS to gain entry into the human body. She also announced the 2019-nCoV genome sequence was 96.2% consistent with a bat coronavirus originating in [[Yunnan]], China, called RaTG13, signaling a natural source of the Wuhan virus.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2020/02/24/study-china-lied-wuhan-virus-did-not-originate-in-meat-market/</ref>