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The '''Great Leap Forward''' (1958-1961) was a campaign to nationalize industry and agriculture in [[China]], instituted by Chinese dictator [[Mao Tse-tung]], which included collectivizing farmland.  Peasants were forced to produce steel in backyard furnaces to raise China's steel output.  The whole ill-conceived venture resulted in widespread famine, economic disaster and what modern Chinese history now refers to as '''Three Years of Disasters'''.  As estimates vary, the [[Communist]] inspired [[democide]] was believed to result in the deaths of at least 45 million people.<ref>Frank Dikötter, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=5NsMWCHDStQC Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe, 1958-1962]'' (Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2010), ISBN 0802777686, p. 325</ref> That brings the total death toll of communism in China to around 69,420,000. [[Deng Xiaoping]] claimed the death toll to be 16 million, while the lowest estimate is 8 million. <ref>Mao: The Real Story by Alexander P. Pantsov with Steven I. Levine, pg. 472</ref>  

The '''Great Leap Forward''' (1958-1961) was a campaign to nationalize industry and agriculture in [[China]], instituted by Chinese dictator [[Mao Zedong]], which included collectivizing farmland.  Peasants were forced to produce steel in backyard furnaces to raise China's steel output.  The whole ill-conceived venture resulted in widespread famine, economic disaster and what modern Chinese history now refers to as '''Three Years of Disasters'''.  As estimates vary, the [[Communist]] inspired [[democide]] was believed to result in the deaths of at least 45 million people.<ref>Frank Dikötter, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=5NsMWCHDStQC Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe, 1958-1962]'' (Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2010), ISBN 0802777686, p. 325</ref> That brings the total death toll of communism in China to around 69,420,000. [[Deng Xiaoping]] claimed the death toll to be 16 million, while the lowest estimate is 8 million. <ref>Mao: The Real Story by Alexander P. Pantsov with Steven I. Levine, pg. 472</ref>  

According to the [[far left]] online encyclopedia [[Wikipedia]], "The name Forward carries a special meaning in socialist political terminology. It has been frequently used as a name for socialist, communist and other leftwing newspapers and publications."<ref>http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread836229/pg1</ref><ref>"There have been at least two radical-left publications named “Vorwaerts” (the German word for “Forward”). One was the daily newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Germany whose writers included [[Friedrich Engels]] and [[Leon Trotsky]]. It still publishes as the organ of Germany’s SDP, though that party has changed considerably since World War II. Another was the 1844 biweekly reader of the Communist League. [[Karl Marx]], Engels and Mikhail Bakunin are among the names associated with that publication....[[Vladimir Lenin]] founded the publication “Vpered” (the Russian word for “forward”) in 1905."  President Barack Obama adopted the motto for his [[2012 presidential election]] campaign.<br>https://www.washingtontimes.com/blog/inside-politics/2012/apr/30/new-obama-slogan-has-long-ties-marxism-socialism/</ref>  Mao decided to use the Forward slogan in his great experiment to modernize [[New China]] under the precepts of [[Democratic Socialism]].  Mao chose to model New China's socialist economy after that of the Soviet Union. The Soviet model called for capital-intensive development of heavy industry, with the capital to be generated from the agricultural sector of the economy. The state would purchase grain from the farmers at low prices and sell it, both at home and on the export market, at high prices. In practice, agricultural production did not increase fast enough to generate the amount of capital required to build up China’s industry according to plan. Mao Zedong (1893-1976) decided that the answer was to reorganize Chinese agriculture by pushing through a program of cooperativization (or collectivization) that would bring China’s small farmers, their small plots of land, and their limited draught animals, tools, and machinery together into larger and, presumably, more efficient cooperatives.<ref>http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/cup/mao_zedong_agricultural_cooperation.pdf</ref>  The Great Leap Forward was a program to nationalize industry and agriculture.

According to the [[far left]] online encyclopedia [[Wikipedia]], "The name Forward carries a special meaning in socialist political terminology. It has been frequently used as a name for socialist, communist and other leftwing newspapers and publications."<ref>http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread836229/pg1</ref><ref>"There have been at least two radical-left publications named “Vorwaerts” (the German word for “Forward”). One was the daily newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Germany whose writers included [[Friedrich Engels]] and [[Leon Trotsky]]. It still publishes as the organ of Germany’s SDP, though that party has changed considerably since World War II. Another was the 1844 biweekly reader of the Communist League. [[Karl Marx]], Engels and Mikhail Bakunin are among the names associated with that publication....[[Vladimir Lenin]] founded the publication “Vpered” (the Russian word for “forward”) in 1905."  President Barack Obama adopted the motto for his [[2012 presidential election]] campaign.<br>https://www.washingtontimes.com/blog/inside-politics/2012/apr/30/new-obama-slogan-has-long-ties-marxism-socialism/</ref>  Mao decided to use the Forward slogan in his great experiment to modernize [[New China]] under the precepts of [[Democratic Socialism]].  Mao chose to model New China's socialist economy after that of the Soviet Union. The Soviet model called for capital-intensive development of heavy industry, with the capital to be generated from the agricultural sector of the economy. The state would purchase grain from the farmers at low prices and sell it, both at home and on the export market, at high prices. In practice, agricultural production did not increase fast enough to generate the amount of capital required to build up China’s industry according to plan. Mao Zedong (1893-1976) decided that the answer was to reorganize Chinese agriculture by pushing through a program of cooperativization (or collectivization) that would bring China’s small farmers, their small plots of land, and their limited draught animals, tools, and machinery together into larger and, presumably, more efficient cooperatives.<ref>http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/cup/mao_zedong_agricultural_cooperation.pdf</ref>  The Great Leap Forward was a program to nationalize industry and agriculture.