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'''William Boyd Allison''' (March 2, 1829 – August 4, 1908), sometimes referred to as '''W. B. Allison''', was a [[Republican]] from northeastern [[Iowa]] who represented the state's 3rd congressional district for four terms and served from the Class III Senate seat from 1873 until his death in 1908.

'''William Boyd Allison''' (March 2, 1829 – August 4, 1908), sometimes referred to as '''W. B. Allison''', was a [[Republican]] from northeastern [[Iowa]] who represented the state's 3rd congressional district for four terms and served from the Class III Senate seat from 1873 until his death in 1908.

Described as a "sensible man" in a posthumous congressional memorial address in early February 1909, Allison reported had "saved the [federal] Government untold millions of dollars" when he chaired the Senate Committee on Appropriations.<ref>1914. [https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/annals-of-iowa/article/9186/galley/117849/view/ William B. Allison], p. 381. ''The Annals of Iowa''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref> He was also considered a party leader by [[Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.]], his [[Massachusetts]] senatorial colleague.<ref>Lodge, Henry Cabot (1914). [https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/annals-of-iowa/article/id/9202/ William B. Allison], p. 324. ''The Annals of Iowa''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref>

Described as a "sensible man" in a posthumous congressional memorial address in early February 1909, Allison reported had "saved the [federal] Government untold millions of dollars" when he chaired the Senate Committee on Appropriations.<ref>1914. [https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/annals-of-iowa/article/9186/galley/117849/view/ William B. Allison], p. 381. ''The Annals of Iowa''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref> He was also considered a party leader by [[Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.]], his [[Massachusetts]] senatorial colleague,<ref>Lodge, Henry Cabot (1914). [https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/annals-of-iowa/article/id/9202/ William B. Allison], p. 324. ''The Annals of Iowa''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref> though a ''[[New York Times]]'' obituary suggested that he merely played a "leading part."<ref name=allisonburied>August 9, 1908. [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/08/05/106774958.pdf SENATOR ALLISON BURIED.; Dubuque Flags at Half-Mast and Business of City Halts.] ''The New York Times''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref>

==Background==

==Background==

===Rise into national politics, House tenure===

===Rise into national politics, House tenure===

During the [[United States presidential election, 1860|1860 presidential election]], Allison was a delegate to the [[Republican National Convention]] which nominated [[Abraham Lincoln]] and [[Hannibal Hamlin]].<ref name=allisonburied>August 9, 1908. [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/08/05/106774958.pdf SENATOR ALLISON BURIED.; Dubuque Flags at Half-Mast and Business of City Halts.] ''The New York Times''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref> He campaigned heavily for party nominees on both the national and state level during the election cycle, and would be appointed by Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood as a military aide a year later with the outbreak of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].<ref name=bio/> Allison served in the Army during the war effort, managing the needs of local volunteers from transportation to medical matters.

During the [[United States presidential election, 1860|1860 presidential election]], Allison was a delegate to the [[Republican National Convention]] which nominated [[Abraham Lincoln]] and [[Hannibal Hamlin]].<ref name=allisonburied/> He campaigned heavily for party nominees on both the national and state level during the election cycle, and would be appointed by Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood as a military aide a year later with the outbreak of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].<ref name=bio/> Allison served in the Army during the war effort, managing the needs of local volunteers from transportation to medical matters.

The Census of 1860 led to an increase in Iowa's congressional district seats from two to six. In the 1862 midterms, Allison ran for the [[U.S. House of Representatives]] from the third district which included Dubuque, challenging incumbent Republican congressman William Vandever.<ref name=bio/> Benefiting from connections to Kirkwood in addition to railroad interests, he denied Vandever renomination and won the general election.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=474731 IA - District 03 Race - Oct 14, 1862]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref>

The Census of 1860 led to an increase in Iowa's congressional district seats from two to six. In the 1862 midterms, Allison ran for the [[U.S. House of Representatives]] from the third district which included Dubuque, challenging incumbent Republican congressman William Vandever.<ref name=bio/> Benefiting from connections to Kirkwood in addition to railroad interests, he denied Vandever renomination and won the general election.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=474731 IA - District 03 Race - Oct 14, 1862]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved November 21, 2021.</ref>