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===1880: Stalwarts push for unprecedented third Grant term===

===1880: Stalwarts push for unprecedented third Grant term===

Hayes' actions as president alienated not only congressional Stalwarts, but Half-Breeds as well. In the [[United States presidential election, 1880|1880 presidential election]], Stalwarts led by Conkling successfully urged former Radical Republican president [[Ulysses Grant]] to seek a non-consecutive, third term.<ref name=npsinfo/> Half-Breeds coalesced around Maine senator [[James G. Blaine]], who opposed civil service reform<ref name=garfieldandarthur/> though aligned with the moderate faction with his viewpoints on industrial interests and protective tariffs.

Hayes' actions as president alienated not only congressional Stalwarts, but Half-Breeds as well. In the [[United States presidential election, 1880|1880 presidential election]], Stalwarts led by Conkling successfully urged former Radical Republican president [[Ulysses Grant]] to seek a non-consecutive, third term.<ref name=npsinfo/> Half-Breeds coalesced around Maine senator [[James G. Blaine]], who opposed civil service reform<ref name=garfieldandarthur/><ref group=note>A common narrative goes as follows: "Blaine was the leader of the Half-Breeds who supported civil service reform." This is despite Blaine not taking part in Half-Breed politics during the Hayes presidency, in addition to his opposition to civil service reform despite what the narrative implies.</ref> though aligned with the moderate faction with his viewpoints on industrial interests and protective tariffs.

Although Grant had previously pushed for some degree of civil service reform as president, he became disenchanted with Hayes' efforts to effectively dismantle the Stalwarts' patronage machines.<ref name=npsinfo/> Conkling, who previously was a close ally to Grant during the latter's presidency, once again became a right-hand man.

Although Grant had previously pushed for some degree of civil service reform as president, he became disenchanted with Hayes' efforts to effectively dismantle the Stalwarts' patronage machines.<ref name=npsinfo/> Conkling, who previously was a close ally to Grant during the latter's presidency, once again became a right-hand man.