Changes

According to supporters of the Critical Text, the TR is defective because it is based on later manuscripts. Manuscripts wore out over time and had to be copied by hand to preserve their text. Late manuscripts are likely to be the product of multiple copying cycles, each one with the potential to introduce errors.  

According to supporters of the Critical Text, the TR is defective because it is based on later manuscripts. Manuscripts wore out over time and had to be copied by hand to preserve their text. Late manuscripts are likely to be the product of multiple copying cycles, each one with the potential to introduce errors.  

Supporters of the TR, notably the [[KJV Only]] movement, counter that these codices survived because Christians knew them to be defective and therefore did not use them. Good manuscripts would be used and copied more and would therefore wear out more quickly.<ref>For more on reasons older manuscripts may not be more reliable. See [http://www.textusreceptusbibles.com/Document/Are_Older_Manuscripts_More_Reliable ''Are older manuscripts more reliable?''] at Textus Receptus Bibles.</ref>

Supporters of TR, notably the [[KJV Only]] movement, counter that these codices survived because Christians knew them to be defective and therefore did not use them. Good manuscripts would be used and copied more and would therefore wear out more quickly.<ref>For more on reasons older manuscripts may not be more reliable. See [http://www.textusreceptusbibles.com/Document/Are_Older_Manuscripts_More_Reliable ''Are older manuscripts more reliable?''] at Textus Receptus Bibles.</ref>

The Magdalen Papyrus, papyrus 64, dates to AD 66, making it the oldest New Testament fragment. It has not been classified by text type. The oldest examples of Alexandrian text are papyrus 46, or Chester Beatty II, and papyrus 66, or Bodmer II. P46 contains the Pauline epistles while P66 contains the Gospel of John. These manuscripts date from around AD 200.<ref>Metzger, Bruce, (1994) ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament''. "With the acquisition, however, of the Bodmer Papyri, particularly P66 and P75, both copied about the end of the second or the beginning of the third century, evidence is now available that the Alexandrian type of text goes back to an archetype that must be dated early in the second century." P75 has since been redated to a later period.</ref>

The Magdalen Papyrus, papyrus 64, dates to AD 66, making it the oldest New Testament fragment. It has not been classified by text type. The oldest examples of Alexandrian text are papyrus 46, or Chester Beatty II, and papyrus 66, or Bodmer II. P46 contains the Pauline epistles while P66 contains the Gospel of John. These manuscripts date from around AD 200.<ref>Metzger, Bruce, (1994) ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament''. "With the acquisition, however, of the Bodmer Papyri, particularly P66 and P75, both copied about the end of the second or the beginning of the third century, evidence is now available that the Alexandrian type of text goes back to an archetype that must be dated early in the second century." P75 has since been redated to a later period.</ref>

The Peshitta of the second century and a Gothic translation that dates to 350 are of the Western type.

The Peshitta of the second century and a Gothic translation that dates to 350 are of the Western type.

Alexandrinus, a fifth century manuscript used in the Critical Text, is Byzantine in the gospels. It dates from about AD 400. It is the oldest known manuscript with Byzantine text.<ref>Holland, ''Crowned With Glory'', 13.</ref>

Alexandrinus, a manuscript used in the Critical Text, is Byzantine in the gospels. It dates from about AD 400. It is the oldest known manuscript with Byzantine text.<ref>Holland, ''Crowned With Glory'', 13.</ref>  

 

There are almost 6,000 differences between the Textus Receptus and the Critical Text, while there are only 7,959 verses in the New Testament.<ref>Holland, ''Crowned With Glory'', 13.</ref>

Among modern translations, the [[New King James Version]] uses TR, while the [[New International Version]], the [[New American Standard Bible]], [[New Revised Standard Version]], and the [[English Standard Version]] use the Critical Text.

Among modern translations, the [[New King James Version]] uses TR, while the [[New International Version]], the [[New American Standard Bible]], [[New Revised Standard Version]], and the [[English Standard Version]] use the Critical Text.