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→Background
==Background==
==Background==
She studied Russian history and literature at [[Harvard University]]. During 1988–89, she was an exchange student at the University of [[Kyiv]] in Ukraine, where she studied the Ukrainian language.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Retson |first=Don |date=May 20, 1989 |title=Student 'glasnost' chilly |work=Edmonton Journal}}</ref> While there, she worked with journalist Bill Keller of ''[[The New York Times]]'' to document the Bykivnia graves, an unmarked mass grave site where the [[NKVD]] disposed of tens of thousands of dissidents. The official Soviet story held that the graves were the result of Nazi atrocities. She translated the stories of locals who had witnessed covered trucks and "puddles of blood in the road" that predated the 1941 [[Operation Barbarossa|Nazi invasion]], adding evidence that the site was actually the result of Soviet communist repression.<ref>https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2015/11/29/how-chrystia-freeland-became-justin-trudeaus-first-star.html</ref>
She studied Russian history and literature at [[Harvard University]]. During 1988–89, she was an exchange student at the University of [[Kyiv]] in Ukraine, where she studied the Ukrainian language.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Retson |first=Don |date=May 20, 1989 |title=Student 'glasnost' chilly |work=Edmonton Journal}}</ref> While there, she worked with journalist Bill Keller of ''[[The New York Times]]'' to document the Bykivnia graves, an unmarked mass grave site where the [[NKVD]] disposed of tens of thousands of dissidents. The official Soviet story held that the graves were the result of Nazi atrocities. She translated the stories of locals who had witnessed covered trucks and "puddles of blood in the road" that predated the 1941 [[Operation Barbarossa|Nazi invasion]], adding evidence that the site was actually the result of Soviet communist repression.<ref>https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2015/11/29/how-chrystia-freeland-became-justin-trudeaus-first-star.html</ref>
Freeland's mother, Halyna Chomiak, was born at a hospital administered by the US Army; her parents were staying at the displaced persons camp at the spa resort in [[Bad Wörishofen]] in Bavaria, Germany. Halyna's Ukrainian Catholic parents were Mykhailo Khomiak (anglicized as Michael Chomiak), born in {{ill|Stroniatyn|WD=Q4444238}}, [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Galicia]], and Alexandra Loban, originally of Rudniki, near Stanislaviv (now [[Ivano-Frankivsk]]).<ref name="legacy" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wetherbee |first=Rebecca |date=May 20, 2013 |title=Chrystia Freeland – U.S. Managing Editor, Financial Times |publisher=Little Pink Book |url=http://www.littlepinkbook.com/chrystia-freeland-u-s-managing-editor-financial-times/ |url-status=live |access-date=September 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928231555/http://www.littlepinkbook.com/chrystia-freeland-u-s-managing-editor-financial-times/ |archive-date=September 28, 2013}}</ref> Freeland, who grew up in [[Alberta]], saw "first-hand" the consequences of "[[democratic backsliding]]" in Eastern Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lewsen |first=Simon |date=February 14, 2018 |title=Chrystia Freeland Wants to Fix the Twenty-first Century |url=https://thewalrus.ca/chrystia-freeland-wants-to-fix-the-twenty-first-century/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142652/https://thewalrus.ca/chrystia-freeland-wants-to-fix-the-twenty-first-century/ |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |access-date=July 21, 2021 |website=The Walrus |quote=As a young adult, Freeland saw first-hand what democratic backsliding looks like. [...] In 1991, she returned to the former Eastern Bloc, working as a stringer for international newspapers. Within a few years, she completed an Oxford master's in Slavonic studies and was hired on as Moscow bureau chief for the ''Financial Times''.}}</ref>
Freeland's maternal grandfather, Michael Chomiak (Ukrainian: Mykhailo Khomiak), had been a journalist before World War II. During the war in Nazi-occupied [[Poland]] and later in Nazi-occupied [[Austria]] he was chief editor of the Ukrainian [[antisemitic]] daily newspaper ''Krakivs'ki visti'' (''News of Krakow'') for the Nazi regime.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Simons |first=Paula |date=March 8, 2017 |title=Paula Simons: 'School of hate': Was Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland's grandfather a Nazi collaborator? |work=Edmonton Journal |url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/politics/paula-simons-school-of-hate-was-foreign-affairs-minister-chrystia-freelands-grandfather-a-nazi-collaborator |url-status=live |access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609231023/http://edmontonjournal.com/news/politics/paula-simons-school-of-hate-was-foreign-affairs-minister-chrystia-freelands-grandfather-a-nazi-collaborator |archive-date=June 9, 2018}}</ref> After Chomiak's death in 1984, John-Paul Himka, a professor of history at the University of Alberta, who was Chomiak's son-in-law used Chomiak's records, including old issues of the newspaper, as the basis of several scholarly papers focused on the coverage of Soviet era mass-murders of Ukrainian civilians. These papers also examined the use of these massacres as [[propaganda]] against [[Jews]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Himka |first=John-Paul |author-link=John-Paul Himka |title=Ethnicity and the Reporting of Mass Murder: ''Krakivs'ki visti'', the NKVD Murders of 1941, and the Vinnytsia Exhumation |url=http://www.timeandspace.lviv.ua/files/session/Himka%20Ethnicity%20and%20Reporting_210.doc |journal=Time and Space |location=Lviv |publisher=University of Alberta |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162206/http://www.timeandspace.lviv.ua/files/session/Himka%20Ethnicity%20and%20Reporting_210.doc |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |quote=''Krakivs'ki visti'' published materials from German papers, especially the Nazi party organ ''Völkischer Beobachter'', which appeared frequently. Articles were also translated from ''Berliner Illustrierte Nachtausgabe'' and all most important Berlin papers.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Іван-Павло Химка: "Історична політика є хворобою всіх посткомуністичних країн" |url=https://commons.com.ua/uk/istorichna-politika-ye-hvoroboyu-vsih-postkomunistichnih-krayin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206001810/https://commons.com.ua/uk/istorichna-politika-ye-hvoroboyu-vsih-postkomunistichnih-krayin/ |archive-date=December 6, 2018 |access-date=}} Himka's account of the Khomiak story from an interview (in Ukrainian).</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Himka |first=John-Paul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D9wEXp_uyoYC&q=Krakivs%27ki+Visti+connection |title=Ethnicity and the Reporting of Mass Murder |work=Shatterzone of Empires: Coexistence and Violence in the German, Habsburg, Russian, and Ottoman Borderlands |publisher=Indiana University Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-0253006394 |editor-last=Bartov |editor-first=Omer |author-link=John-Paul Himka |editor-last2=Weitz |editor-first2=Eric D.}}</ref> In 2017, when Chomiak's connection to Nazism appeared online, Freeland responded that it was a "Russian [[disinformation]]" during her appointment as Canadian Foreign Minister.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pugliese |first=David |date=March 8, 2017 |title=Chrystia Freeland's granddad was indeed a Nazi collaborator – so much for Russian disinformation |work=Ottawa Citizen |location=Ottawa |url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/chrystia-freelands-granddad-was-indeed-a-nazi-collaborator-so-much-for-russian-disinformation |url-status=live |access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141531/http://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/chrystia-freelands-granddad-was-indeed-a-nazi-collaborator-so-much-for-russian-disinformation |archive-date=June 12, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Cosh |first=Colby |date=March 8, 2018 |title=Colby Cosh: Of course it's 'news' that Freeland's grampa was a Nazi collaborator, even if the Russians are spreading it |work=National Post |url=http://nationalpost.com/opinion/colby-cosh-of-course-its-news-that-freelands-grampa-was-a-nazi-collaborator-even-if-the-russians-are-spreading-it |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6xokirVEo?url=http://nationalpost.com/opinion/colby-cosh-of-course-its-news-that-freelands-grampa-was-a-nazi-collaborator-even-if-the-russians-are-spreading-it |archive-date=March 10, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Glavin |first=Terry |date=March 8, 2017 |title=Terry Glavin: Enter the Freeland-Nazi conspiracy — and the amping-up of Russia's mischief in Canada |work=National Post |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/full-comment/terry-glavin-enter-the-freeland-nazi-conspiracy-and-the-amping-up-of-russias-mischief-in-canada |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20171006181751/http://nationalpost.com/opinion/terry%2Dglavin%2Denter%2Dthe%2Dfreeland%2Dnazi%2Dconspiracy%2Dand%2Dthe%2Damping%2Dup%2Dof%2Drussias%2Dmischief%2Din%2Dcanada |archive-date=October 6, 2017}}</ref><ref> Her office later denied Chomiak ever collaborated with the [[Nazi Germany]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pugliese |first=David |title=Exclusive: Russian diplomat booted from Canada has some advice for Trudeau — it won't work |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/russian-diplomat-calls-expulsions-over-remarks-un-canadian |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180406174940/http://nationalpost.com/news/politics/russian-diplomat-calls-expulsions-over-remarks-un-canadian |archive-date=April 6, 2018 |access-date=|website=National Post}}</ref> However, reporting by ''The Globe and Mail'' showed that Freeland had known of her grandfather's Nazi ties since at least 1996, when she helped edit a scholarly article by Himka for the ''Journal of Ukrainian Studies''.
==Seizure of bank accounts==
==Seizure of bank accounts==