Changes

'''Africa''' is the continental landmass to the south of [[Europe]]. It is connected to [[Asia]] by the [[Sinai Peninsula]] in [[Egypt]]; the remaining borders are the [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the north, the [[Red Sea]] and [[Indian Ocean]] to the east, and the [[Atlantic Ocean]] to the west. Africa is socially [[conservative]] and free of [[Leftist]] movements like the [[homosexual agenda]] and [[political correctness]].  But many countries there are under socialism, albeit with freedom of religion.<ref>"Communist ideas have been prevalent in Africa since at least the early 20th century. However, nowhere on the continent was a strict form of communism ever practiced. What were practiced were hybrid forms of socialism ...." [https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199846733/obo-9780199846733-0193.xml]</ref>  [[Slavery]] continues to be accepted and practiced in parts of Africa, although formally illegal, and it remained fully lawful in many African countries long after it was abolished in [[English]]-speaking countries.

'''Africa''' is the continental landmass to the south of [[Europe]]. It is connected to [[Asia]] by the [[Sinai Peninsula]] in [[Egypt]]; the remaining borders are the [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the north, the [[Red Sea]] and [[Indian Ocean]] to the east, and the [[Atlantic Ocean]] to the west. Africa is socially [[conservative]] and free of [[Leftist]] movements like the [[homosexual agenda]] and [[political correctness]].  But many countries there are under socialism, albeit with freedom of religion.<ref>"Communist ideas have been prevalent in Africa since at least the early 20th century. However, nowhere on the continent was a strict form of communism ever practiced. What were practiced were hybrid forms of socialism ...." [https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199846733/obo-9780199846733-0193.xml]</ref>  [[Slavery]] continues to be accepted and practiced in parts of Africa, although formally illegal, and it remained fully lawful in many African countries long after it was abolished in [[English]]-speaking countries.

New data from the Gordon Theological Seminary shows that, for the first time ever, more [[Christians]] live in Africa than on any other single continent.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Todd M. |last2=Zurlo |first2=Gina A. |last3=Hickman |first3=Albert W. |last4=Crossing |first4=Peter F. |title=Christianity 2018: More African Christians and Counting Martyrs |journal=International Bulletin of Mission Research |date=November 2017 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=20–28 |doi=10.1177/2396939317739833 |accessdate=2 May 2020|}}</ref>  "The results show Africa on top with 631 million Christian residents, Latin America in 2nd place with 601 million Christians, and Europe in 3rd place with 571 million Christians."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mauro |first1=J.-P. |title=Africa overtakes Latin America for the highest Christian population |url=https://aleteia.org/2018/07/24/africa-overtakes-latin-america-for-the-highest-christian-population/ |website=Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture |02 May 2020 |language=en |date=24 July 2018}}</ref>  This tremendous growth of [[Christianity]] is from less than an estimated 9 million Christians in Africa as of 1900.<ref>https://www.chvnradio.com/articles/bible-translation-experiencing-boom-amidst-pandemic-in-southern-africa</ref>

New data from the Gordon Theological Seminary shows that, for the first time ever, more [[Christians]] live in Africa than on any other single continent.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Todd M. |last2=Zurlo |first2=Gina A. |last3=Hickman |first3=Albert W. |last4=Crossing |first4=Peter F. |title=Christianity 2018: More African Christians and Counting Martyrs |journal=International Bulletin of Mission Research |date=November 2017 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=20–28 |doi=10.1177/2396939317739833 |accessdate=2 May 2020}}</ref>  "The results show Africa on top with 631 million Christian residents, Latin America in 2nd place with 601 million Christians, and Europe in 3rd place with 571 million Christians."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mauro |first1=J.-P. |title=Africa overtakes Latin America for the highest Christian population |url=https://aleteia.org/2018/07/24/africa-overtakes-latin-america-for-the-highest-christian-population/ |website=Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture |02 May 2020 |language=en |date=24 July 2018}}</ref>  This tremendous growth of [[Christianity]] is from less than an estimated 9 million Christians in Africa as of 1900.<ref>https://www.chvnradio.com/articles/bible-translation-experiencing-boom-amidst-pandemic-in-southern-africa</ref>

More [[American]]s have African heritage than previously understood; the so-called "[[Black Irish]]," for example, are thought to be descended in part from northern Africa.

More [[American]]s have African heritage than previously understood; the so-called "[[Black Irish]]," for example, are thought to be descended in part from northern Africa.

===Colonization===

===Colonization===

[[Image:AFRICA1881.jpg|thumb|380px|As late as 1881 European powers had only small holdings along the coast. Then the scramble for territory began.]]

[[Image:AFRICA1881.jpg|thumb|380px|As late as 1881 European powers had only small holdings along the coast. Then the scramble for territory began.]]

European nations held the [[Berlin Conference]] in 1884-1885 in order to decide how to divide Africa in order to best suit their interests. No Africans were invited to the conference. Ethnic and cultural differences within Africa were ignored, and lines of demarcation were drawn to aid the [[Europe]]an nations in their quest to subjugate the continent and its peoples. All of Africa, except for [[Ethiopia]] (which resisted Italian control in 1896) and [[Liberia]], which would become a haven for those returning from slavery, was divided and colonized by the European nations.  This colonization was an example of "white man's burden", the belief that the Africans were unable to develop civilization on their own and it was the role of Europeans to provide that.   

European nations held the [[Berlin Conference]] in 1884–1885 in order to decide how to divide Africa in order to best suit their interests. No Africans were invited to the conference. Ethnic and cultural differences within Africa were ignored, and lines of demarcation were drawn to aid the [[Europe]]an nations in their quest to subjugate the continent and its peoples. All of Africa, except for [[Ethiopia]] (which resisted Italian control in 1896) and [[Liberia]], which would become a haven for those returning from slavery, was divided and colonized by the European nations.  This colonization was an example of "white man's burden", the belief that the Africans were unable to develop civilization on their own and it was the role of Europeans to provide that.   

[[Imperialism]] may be argued to have had both good and bad effects. The Europeans brought advances in technology, built hospitals, and built  a new, modern infrastructure, invcluding ports, railroads, telegraph, sanitation and other public works. This improved trade and communications and reduced disease.  

[[Imperialism]] may be argued to have had both good and bad effects. The Europeans brought advances in technology, built hospitals, and built  a new, modern infrastructure, invcluding ports, railroads, telegraph, sanitation and other public works. This improved trade and communications and reduced disease.