Block, Siteadmin, SkipCaptcha, Upload, Automoderated users, edit, protect
4,562
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 62:
Line 62: − + Line 78:
Line 78: − + Line 104:
Line 104: − + − + Line 114:
Line 114: − + − + − + − + − + Line 142:
Line 142: − + − + + + Line 152:
Line 154: − + Line 160:
Line 162: − + Line 166:
Line 168: + + Line 173:
Line 177: − + Line 199:
Line 203: − + − + − + − + − + − + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + − + Line 235:
Line 245: − + + + − + − + Line 338:
Line 350: − + Line 349:
Line 361: − + + + + + + + Line 363:
Line 381: +
Left Wing Terrorism in Chile (view source)
Revision as of 19:21, September 23, 2025
, 19:21, September 23, 2025→Terrorism in the 1970s
On June 29, 1970, leftists plant and detonate a bomb in the ''Casino de Carabineros'' in Iquique.
On June 29, 1970, leftists plant and detonate a bomb in the ''Casino de Carabineros'' in Iquique.
On August 11, 1970, MIR guerrillas shoot and kill a police NCO, Corporal Luis Fuentes Pineda.
On August 1, 1970, MIR guerrillas shoot and kill a police NCO, Corporal Luis Fuentes Pineda while on guard duty in the Pedro Aguirre Cerda suburb of Santiago.<ref>[https://elpaisonline.cl/noticias-new/193-asesinados-y-heridos-por-comunistas-guerrilleros-sin-respetar-sus-derechos Asesinados y Heridos por Comunistas Guerrilleros Sin Respetar sus Derechos. SUS FAMILIAS TAMBIEN CLAMAN JUSTICIA]</ref>
On September 21, 1970, guerrillas shoot and kill another police NCO, Corporal Armando Cofré López, during a bank robbery in the suburb of Irarrázabal in Santiago.<ref>Los hechos de violencia en Chile, María de los Angeles Aylwin Ramírez, Soledad Reyes del Villar, p. 223, Fundación Libertad y Desarrollo, 2003</ref>
On September 21, 1970, guerrillas shoot and kill another police NCO, Corporal Armando Cofré López, during a bank robbery in the suburb of Irarrázabal in Santiago.<ref>Los hechos de violencia en Chile, María de los Angeles Aylwin Ramírez, Soledad Reyes del Villar, p. 223, Fundación Libertad y Desarrollo, 2003</ref>
According to police records submitted to the Chilean senate, Left-Wing Radicals and Guerrillas illegally occupied 1,458 farms between November 1970 and December 1971.<ref>[https://www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria/wsgi/consulta/verDiarioDeSesion.py?id=588379 Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile]</ref>
According to police records submitted to the Chilean senate, Left-Wing Radicals and Guerrillas illegally occupied 1,458 farms between November 1970 and December 1971.<ref>[https://www.bcn.cl/laborparlamentaria/wsgi/consulta/verDiarioDeSesion.py?id=588379 Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile]</ref>
On 24 May 1971, VOP Marxist guerrillas in an armed robbery of a bank money transfer van shoot and mortally wound a policeman (Corporal José Arnaldo Gutiérrez Urrutia) and wound two accompanying Miramar supermarket employees.
On 24 May 1971, MIR guerrillas in a staged armed robbery of the Miramar supermarket in Santiago mortally wound a policeman (Corporal José Arnaldo Gutiérrez Urrutia)<ref>[https://elpaisonline.cl/noticias-new/193-asesinados-y-heridos-por-comunistas-guerrilleros-sin-respetar-sus-derechos Asesinados y Heridos por Comunistas Guerrilleros Sin Respetar sus Derechos. SUS FAMILIAS TAMBIEN CLAMAN JUSTICIA]</ref>and wound two supermarket employees.
In June 1971, VOP guerrillas killed Edmundo Perez Zujovic, a Christian Democrat and former interior minister.
In June 1971, VOP guerrillas killed Edmundo Perez Zujovic, a Christian Democrat and former interior minister.
On August 15, 1972, ten Marxist Guerrillas arrive in Pudahuel International Airport in Santiago and obtain sanctuary in Chile, after having hijacked a plane at gunpoint following their escape from Argentina.
On August 15, 1972, ten Marxist Guerrillas arrive in Pudahuel International Airport in Santiago and obtain sanctuary in Chile, after having hijacked a plane at gunpoint following their escape from Argentina.
On August 30, 1972, a carabineer corporal (Exequiel Aroca Cuevas) is killed in the City of Concepción, when leftists open fire on the police anti-riot bus he was travelling.<ref>Breve historia de la unidad popular, Teresa Donoso Loero, p. 218, El Mercurio, 1973</ref>
On August 30, 1972, a carabineer corporal (Exequiel Aroca Cuevas) is killed in the City of Concepción, when armed leftists from the Socialist Party of Chile open fire on the police anti-riot bus he was traveling in.<ref>Breve historia de la unidad popular, Teresa Donoso Loero, p. 218, El Mercurio, 1973</ref><ref>[https://elpaisonline.cl/noticias-new/193-asesinados-y-heridos-por-comunistas-guerrilleros-sin-respetar-sus-derechos Asesinados y Heridos por Comunistas Guerrilleros Sin Respetar sus Derechos. SUS FAMILIAS TAMBIEN CLAMAN JUSTICIA]</ref>
On 3 December 1972, fifty leftists brandishing sidearms and clubs, seize a Paños Continental factory, leaving nine employees injured in the process.
On December 3, 1972, fifty leftists brandishing sidearms and clubs, seize a Paños Continental factory, leaving nine employees injured in the process.
On February 27, 1973, MIR Guerrillas attacked and destroyed the Llanquihue police station, shooting and wounding 10 carabineers in the fierce gun-battle.<ref>La verdad olvidada del terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p. 76, Editorial Maye Ltda, 2007</ref>
On February 27, 1973, MIR Guerrillas attacked and destroyed the Llanquihue police station, shooting and wounding 10 carabineers in the fierce gun-battle.<ref>La verdad olvidada del terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p. 76, Editorial Maye Ltda, 2007</ref>
That same month, 16-year-old Germán Enrique González and 17-year-old Sergio Oscar Vergara, both members of the Christian Democrat Party were killed while resisting the leftist takeover of the La Reina estate.
That same month, 16-year-old Germán Enrique González and 17-year-old Sergio Oscar Vergara, both members of the Christian Democrat Party were killed while resisting the leftist takeover of the La Reina estate.
On April 2, 1973, MIR Guerrillas operating in Santiago shoot and kill a police detective, Gabriel Rodríguez Alcaíno.<ref>La verdad olvidada del terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p. 77, Editorial Maye Ltda, 2007</ref>
On April 2, 1973, MIR Guerrillas operating in the suburb of Puente Alto in Santiago shoot and kill a police detective, Gabriel Rodríguez Alcaíno.<ref>La verdad olvidada del terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p. 77, Editorial Maye Ltda, 2007</ref>
In May 1973, Mario Aguilar, a member of the ''Movimiento Patria y Libertad'' is gunned down by leftists in downtown Santiago.
In May 4, 1973, Mario Aguilar, a member of the ''Movimiento Patria y Libertad'' is gunned down by leftists in downtown Santiago.<ref>"Mayo 1973 Nombre: Mario Aguilar Condición: Civil, militante de “ Patria y Libertad ” Circunstancias: En mayo de 1973, es asesinado a balazos por terroristas de izquierda en calle Huérfanos, Santiago." La Violencia Izquierdista en Chile, p. 56, Unión de Oficiales en Retiro de la Defensa Nacional, 2001</ref>
On 8 July 1973, police discover in a ''Corporación de la Reforma Agraria'' (CORA) government van, 150 sidearms, 150 hand grenades and 300 petrol bombs and six submachineguns meant to be delivered to guerrillas in Santiago.
On July 8, 1973, police discover in a ''Corporación de la Reforma Agraria'' (CORA) government van, 150 sidearms, 150 hand grenades and 300 petrol bombs and six submachineguns meant to be delivered to guerrillas in Santiago.
On 27 July 1973, a farmer and member of the Christian Democrat Party, Jorge Mena, is surrounded by leftists and clubbed to death in Osorno.
On 27 July 1973, a farmer and member of the Christian Democrat Party, Jorge Mena, is surrounded by leftists and clubbed to death in Osorno.<ref>"El 27 de julio de 1973, Jorge Mena, agricultor democratacristiano, es asesinado por elementos extremistas a palos y fierrazos, en Osorno." La Verdad Olvidada del Terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p.80, Editorial Maye Ltda, 2007</ref>
The next day, another farmer, Juan Luis Urrutia, dies resisting the leftist takeover of his land in Bulnes.
The next day, another farmer, Juan Luis Urrutia, dies of a heart attack while resisting the leftist takeover of his land in Bulnes.<ref>"El 28 de julio de 1973, Juan Luis Urrutia, agricultor muere de un infarto cardíaco durante toma de su fundo, en Bulnes." La Verdad Olvidada del Terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p.80, Editorial Maye Ltda, 2007</ref>
On 30 July, MIR Guerrillas kill Manuel Garrido, an employee of ''Paños Continental'' in a confrontation that also involved Brazilian leftists.
On 30 July, MIR Guerrillas kill Manuel Garrido, an employee of ''Paños Continental'' in a confrontation that also involved Brazilian leftists.
Among the army fallen is 19 year-old Private Julio Antilef, shot dead by leftists that had used an ambulance to trick the army conscript as he stood guard outside a Chilean ENTEL telecommunications building in downtown Santiago.<ref>[https://www.theclinic.cl/2013/09/11/la-historia-de-los-pelados-del-73-los-soldados-que-asaltaron-santiago/ La historia de los pelados del ’73: Los soldados que asaltaron Santiago]</ref>
Among the army fallen is 19 year-old Private Julio Antilef, shot dead by leftists that had used an ambulance to trick the army conscript as he stood guard outside a Chilean ENTEL telecommunications building in downtown Santiago.<ref>[https://www.theclinic.cl/2013/09/11/la-historia-de-los-pelados-del-73-los-soldados-que-asaltaron-santiago/ La historia de los pelados del ’73: Los soldados que asaltaron Santiago]</ref>
On 19 September 1973, Army Private Gerardo León Acuña is killed when he loses control of his military vehicle while on patrol.
On September 19, 1973, Army Private Gerardo León Acuña is killed when he loses control of his military vehicle while on patrol.
On 1 October 1973, leftist militants in support of the MIR attack a military vehicle, killing Army Private Pedro Prado Ortiz.
On October 23, 1973, 23-year-old Corporal Alfredo Jaramillo Ruz from the 2nd ''Cazadores'' Armoured Cavalry Regiment (under Lieutenant-Colonel Santiago Sinclair Oyaneder) is shot and killed in a clash with armed leftists operating in the mountainous region of Las Fainas in Valdivia.<ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=926 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref>
On October 1, 1973, leftist militants in support of the MIR attack a military vehicle, killing Army Private Pedro Prado Ortiz.
On 7 November 1973, leftist guerrillas in Santiago open fire on an army truck in the suburb of La Florida, killing Army Private Agustín Correa Contreras.
On 7 November 1973, leftist guerrillas in Santiago open fire on an army truck in the suburb of La Florida, killing Army Private Agustín Correa Contreras.
On 17 November 1973, MIR guerrillas shoot and kill Army Sergeant Waldo Morales Neal.
On 17 November 1973, MIR guerrillas shoot and kill Army Sergeant Waldo Morales Neal.
On 19 November 1973, while on guard duty in Osorno, Army Private Clemente Santibáñez Vargas is killed.
On November 19, 1973, while on guard duty in Osorno, Army Private Clemente Santibáñez Vargas is shot and killed. <ref>"19 Noviembre 73 Mientras cumplía la misión de proteger torres ENTEL, en Munirrumo, Osorno, fallece el SLC Clemente Santibáñez Vargas." Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 4, p. 98, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On November 28, 1973, MIR guerrillas operating in the Conchalí suburb of Santiago, shoot and kill Army Corporal Ramón Madariaga Valdebenito.<ref>Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 1, p. 463, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On November 28, 1973, MIR guerrillas operating in the Conchalí suburb of Santiago, shoot and kill Army Corporal Ramón Madariaga Valdebenito.<ref>Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 1, p. 463, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On December 13, 1973, two Army Sergeants, Sergio Cannon Lermanda and Pedro Osorio Guerrero are killed while on patrol in Bulnes.<ref>Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 1, p. 463, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On December 13, 1973, two Army Sergeants, Sergio Cannon Lermanda and Pedro Osorio Guerrero are killed while on patrol in Bulnes.<ref>Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 1, p. 463, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On December 15, 1973, guerrillas operating in the suburb of La Reina in Santiago, shoot and kill Army Corporal Roberto Barra Martínez.
On December 15, 1973, guerrillas operating in the suburb of La Reina in Santiago, shoot and kill Army Corporal Roberto Barra Martínez.<ref>[http://ongcren.cl/en-el-dia-de-todos-los-santos-un-especial-recuerdo-a-los-caidos-en-el-cumplimiento-del-deber-por-su-patria/ En el Día de todos los Santos, un especial recuerdo a los caídos en el cumplimiento del deber por su Patria]</ref>
On December 26, 1973, leftist guerrillas open fire on an army jeep, killing Private José Luis Huerta Abarca.<ref>Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 1, p. 463, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On December 26, 1973, leftist guerrillas open fire on an army jeep, killing Private José Luis Huerta Abarca.<ref>Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 1, p. 463, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
In February 1974, the MIR announced an alliance with the Bolivian ELN, the Uruguayan Tupamaros and Argentinian ERP and Montoneros guerrilla organizations, but this threat to Pinochet was largely neutralized with the Argentinian military coup that took place in March 1976. Nevertheless, at least 100 highly trained MIR terrorists reentered Chile in late 1980, and the MIR would claim responsibility for a number of bombings and bank robberies.<ref>"By late 1980, at least 100 highly trained MIR terrorists had reentered Chile, and the MIR had claimed responsibility for a number of bombings and bank robberies." United States Congressional Serial Set, p. 247, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984</ref>
In February 1974, the MIR announced an alliance with the Bolivian ELN, the Uruguayan Tupamaros and Argentinian ERP and Montoneros guerrilla organizations, but this threat to Pinochet was largely neutralized with the Argentinian military coup that took place in March 1976. Nevertheless, at least 100 highly trained MIR terrorists reentered Chile in late 1980, and the MIR would claim responsibility for a number of bombings and bank robberies.<ref>"By late 1980, at least 100 highly trained MIR terrorists had reentered Chile, and the MIR had claimed responsibility for a number of bombings and bank robberies." United States Congressional Serial Set, p. 247, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984</ref>
The MIR leader Miguel Enríquez was a bank thief and also participated in the armed confrontation that caused the death of agent Julio Robinson. Consequently, Brigadier [[Miguel Krassnoff]] intervened in fulfillment of his duty as a military officer to defend the order and security of the country.
==Terrorism in the 1980s==
==Terrorism in the 1980s==
On December 30, 1980, MIR guerrillas wearing police uniforms <ref>[https://historiapolitica.com/datos/biblioteca/lucha%20armada%20AL_goicovic%20donoso.pdf Pueblo, conciencia y fusil. El Movimiento de izquierda Revolucionaria MIR y la irrupción de la lucha armada en Chile (1965-1990)]</ref>while conducting bank robberies in Santiago shoot and kill two carabinier NCOs, 31-year-old Corporal Washington Godoy Palma, and 27-year-old Corporal Daniel Alberto González Leiva.<ref>Historia Oral e Historia Política: Izquierda y Lucha Armada en América Latina, 1960-1990, Pablo Pozzi, LOM Ediciones, 2012</ref>
On December 30, 1980, MIR guerrillas wearing police uniforms <ref>[https://historiapolitica.com/datos/biblioteca/lucha%20armada%20AL_goicovic%20donoso.pdf Pueblo, conciencia y fusil. El Movimiento de izquierda Revolucionaria MIR y la irrupción de la lucha armada en Chile (1965-1990)]</ref>while conducting bank robberies in Santiago shoot and kill two carabinier NCOs, 31-year-old Corporal Washington Godoy Palma, and 27-year-old Corporal Daniel Alberto González Leiva.<ref>Historia Oral e Historia Política: Izquierda y Lucha Armada en América Latina, 1960-1990, Pablo Pozzi, LOM Ediciones, 2012</ref>
In February 1981, in a war communiqué sent to the various press agencies of Santiago, the MIR guerrillas claim to have carried out more than 100 successful operations during 1980, including bomb attacks against the main electricity towers on November 11, which caused widespread blackouts in Santiago and Valparaiso, and bomb attacks on three banks in the capital on December 30 in which a police officer was shot dead and at least three civilians wounded.
In February 1981, in a war communiqué sent to the various press agencies of Santiago, the MIR guerrillas claim to have carried out more than 100 successful operations during 1980, including bomb attacks against the main electricity towers on November 11, which caused widespread blackouts in Santiago and Valparaiso, and the attacks on three banks in the capital on December 30 in which Corporals Palma and González Leiva were shot dead and at least three civilians wounded.
On July 6 1981, a MIR terrorist, Carlos Bruit Gutiérrez, shoots and kills Carlos Enrique Tapia Barraza of the National Intelligence Centre ('Central Nacional de Informaciones' or CNI) in the suburb of San Miguel. <ref>[https://historiapolitica.com/datos/biblioteca/lucha%20armada%20AL_goicovic%20donoso.pdf Pueblo, conciencia y fusil. El Movimiento de izquierda Revolucionaria MIR y la irrupción de la lucha armada en Chile (1965-1990)]</ref>Gutiérrez would later be pardoned and set free in an amnesty only benefiting the left.
On July 6 1981, a MIR terrorist, Carlos Bruit Gutiérrez, shoots and kills Carlos Enrique Tapia Barraza of the National Intelligence Centre ('Central Nacional de Informaciones' or CNI) in the suburb of San Miguel. <ref>[https://historiapolitica.com/datos/biblioteca/lucha%20armada%20AL_goicovic%20donoso.pdf Pueblo, conciencia y fusil. El Movimiento de izquierda Revolucionaria MIR y la irrupción de la lucha armada en Chile (1965-1990)]</ref>Gutiérrez would later be pardoned and set free in an amnesty only benefiting the left.
Between December 1983 and August 1984, leftist militants and guerrillas detonate 300 bombs against banks, businesses, police stations and electricity poles, causing six blackouts in and around Santiago.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1356&dat=19840824&id=6LdPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iwYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5282,4973824&hl=en Undercover Police Shoot, Kill 8 Anti-Government Suspects]</ref>
Between December 1983 and August 1984, leftist militants and guerrillas detonate 300 bombs against banks, businesses, police stations and electricity poles, causing six blackouts in and around Santiago.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1356&dat=19840824&id=6LdPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iwYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5282,4973824&hl=en Undercover Police Shoot, Kill 8 Anti-Government Suspects]</ref>
On 9 March 1984, a leftist bomb planted in ''Restaurante Baff'' in downtown Santiago gravely wounds Verónica lsabel Gutiérrez-Rivas.<ref>Chile Cronica De Un Asedio, Luis Heinecke Scott, p.39, 1992</ref>
On March 9, 1984, a leftist bomb planted in ''Restaurante Baff'' in downtown Santiago gravely wounds Verónica lsabel Gutiérrez-Rivas.<ref>Chile Cronica De Un Asedio, Luis Heinecke Scott, p.39, 1992</ref>
On 31 March 1984, a police bus in downtown Santiago is destroyed by a bomb planted by Left Wing guerrillas, killing a noncommissioned officer and wounding 11 policemen and 6 civilians.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19840402&id=8wowAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j6UFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1969,75855&hl=en Bomb explodes under police bus in Chile killing officer, injuring 17]</ref>
On March 31, 1984, a police bus in downtown Santiago is destroyed by a bomb planted by Left Wing guerrillas, killing a non-commissioned officer and wounding 11 policemen and 6 civilians.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19840402&id=8wowAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j6UFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1969,75855&hl=en Bomb explodes under police bus in Chile killing officer, injuring 17]</ref>
On 29 April 1984, MIR guerrillas detonate 11 bombs in the Chilean capital, derailing a subway train, injuring 22 passengers in the process, including seven children.
On April 29, 1984, FPMR guerrillas detonate 11 bombs in the Chilean capital, derailing a subway train, injuring 30 passengers in the process, including seven children. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180823191342/http://diario.latercera.com/edicionimpresa/registro-de-ataques-revela-al-menos-10-casos-anteriores/ Registro de ataques revela al menos 10 casos anteriores]</ref>
On 17 May 1984, Jorge Eduardo Muñoz Navarro from the MIR is killed in a shootout or executed for attempting to blow up the electricity pylon in the suburb of La Renca in Santiago.<ref>[http://www.memoriaviva.com/Ejecutados/Ejecutados_M/MUnOZ%20NAVARRO%20Jorge%20Eduardo%20.htm Jorge Eduardo MUÑOZ NAVARRO]</ref>
On May 17, 1984, Jorge Eduardo Muñoz Navarro from the MIR is killed in a shootout or executed for attempting to blow up the electricity pylon in the suburb of La Renca in Santiago.<ref>[http://www.memoriaviva.com/Ejecutados/Ejecutados_M/MUnOZ%20NAVARRO%20Jorge%20Eduardo%20.htm Jorge Eduardo MUÑOZ NAVARRO]</ref>
On 19 May 1984, María Loreto Castillo Muñoz from the MIR is reportedly killed in a shootout or executed for attempting to blow up the electricity pylon in the suburb of La Renca in Santiago.<ref>[http://www.memoriaviva.com/Ejecutados/Ejecutados_C/Castillo%20munoz%20maria%20loreto.htm María Loreto CASTILLO MUÑOZ]</ref>
On May 19, 1984, María Loreto Castillo Muñoz from the MIR is reportedly killed in a shootout or executed for attempting to blow up the electricity pylon in the suburb of La Renca in Santiago.<ref>[http://www.memoriaviva.com/Ejecutados/Ejecutados_C/Castillo%20munoz%20maria%20loreto.htm María Loreto CASTILLO MUÑOZ]</ref>
On 5 September 1984, guerrillas operating in Copiapó shoot and kill 27-year-old Army Lieutenant Julio Briones Rayo.<ref>[https://despiertachile.wordpress.com/category/7-cultura-general/martires-del-terrorismo/ Mártires del terrorismo]</ref>
On June 20, 1984, FPMR guerrillas hijack the Number 507 Santiago-Linares express train, stealing money and jewellery from the passengers and killing the assistant train driver, 32-year-old Juan Francisco Ávila Garay who tried to intervene.<ref>"20 de Junio de 1984: Terroristas del FMR en el sector de La Victoria atacan el tren expreso Santiago - Linares. Roban a los pasajeros y asesinan al maquinista Juan Francisco Avila Garay." Presentación del Ejército de Chile a la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Volume 4, p. 101, Ejército de Chile, 1990</ref>
On September 5, 1984, in a violent protest involving 400 high school and university students in the city of Copiapó in northern Chile and the 23rd 'Copiapó' Infantry Regiment (under Lieutenant-Colonel Alejandro González Samohod) sent to disperse them, 27-year-old Army Lieutenant Julio Briones Rayo attached to the CNI is caught in the cross-fire and shot and killed.<ref>[https://despiertachile.wordpress.com/category/7-cultura-general/martires-del-terrorismo/ Mártires del terrorismo]</ref> <ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=3284 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref> <ref>[https://www.litoralpress.cl/sitio/Prensa_Texto?LPKey=QTEF3tXx5A/98QDAO1sBjAoSQknnr/u2Mq2RtHUW%C3%9CC8%C3%96 ¡JARPA DIO LA ORDEN!]</ref>
In the last week of October 1984, Left Wing radicals destroy a number of electricity poles, causing blackouts in several Santiago suburbs and 16 policemen are reported injured in tackling the leftist violence.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1356&dat=19841031&id=B_0yAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JQYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6946,9652327&hl=en Demonstrators Battle Police; Six Are Killed]</ref>
In the last week of October 1984, Left Wing radicals destroy a number of electricity poles, causing blackouts in several Santiago suburbs and 16 policemen are reported injured in tackling the leftist violence.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1356&dat=19841031&id=B_0yAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JQYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6946,9652327&hl=en Demonstrators Battle Police; Six Are Killed]</ref>
On 2 November 1984, a Carabiniers bus is targeted during the Chilean national cycling championship and four police special forces are killed in the guerrilla bomb attack.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1842&dat=19841103&id=uFseAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BMgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2172,426492&hl=en Four dead, 11 hurt in Chile bomb blast]</ref>
On November 2, 1984, a Carabiniers bus is targeted during the Chilean national cycling championship and four police special forces (Sergeant Uldaricio Aravena and Corporals Hugo Toledo, Ángel Sazo and Patricio Delgado) are killed in the guerrilla bomb attack.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1842&dat=19841103&id=uFseAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BMgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2172,426492&hl=en Four dead, 11 hurt in Chile bomb blast]</ref> <ref>[https://elpais.com/diario/1984/11/03/internacional/468284429_850215.html Cuatro carabineros mueren en un atentado en Chile]</ref>
On November 4, 1984, five guerrillas in a vehicle attack with automatic weapons and bombs a police station in Santiago, killing two police officers and wounding three more.
On November 4, 1984, five guerrillas in a vehicle attack with automatic weapons and hand grenades the La Cisterna police station in Santiago, shooting dead two policemen, 21-year-old Elvis Manuel Aravena Cáceres and 26-year-old José Gustavo Erices Fica. <ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=2950 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref>
On 7 December 7, 1984, urban guerrillas kill a policeman and detonate a bomb in a subway station in Santiago, wounding 6 civilians.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19850327&id=48UdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-GEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7098,7802793&hl=en Car bomb in Chile damages 2 U.S. banks, luxury hotel]</ref>
On December 6, 1984, FPMR guerrillas attack the Santa Adriana police station in Santiago and in the ensuing gun-battle three carabiniers are wounded with 26-year-old Corporal José Guillermo Herrera Serrano succumbing to his wounds while being rushed to Barros Luco Hospital. <ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=1864 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref> <ref>"06 DICIEMBRE : Elementos del " Frente Manuel Rodríguez " atacan Tenencia de Carabineros " Santa Adriana " , en Santiago . Fallece el Cabo 1º José Herrera Serrano y quedan heridos otros dos policías." Camino Recorrido: Biografía de un Soldado, Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, p. 336, Instituto Geográfico Militar, 1993</ref>
On 18 December 1984, guerrillas plant a bomb in the Intendance of the O'Higgins Region, wounding 12 civilians in the resulting explosion.
On December 7, 1984, urban guerrillas kill a policeman and detonate a bomb in a subway station in Santiago, wounding 6 civilians.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19850327&id=48UdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-GEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7098,7802793&hl=en Car bomb in Chile damages 2 U.S. banks, luxury hotel]</ref>
On March 25, 1985, MIR terrorists plant a bomb at the Araucano Hotel in [[Concepción]], killing a marine sergeant, 32-year-old René Osvaldo Lara Arriagada and an army sergeant, 41-year-old Alejandro del Carmen Avendaño Sánchez, who were trying to defuse the bomb.<ref>[http://www.despiertachile.cl/contenido/martires-del-terrorismo-marzo Martires del Terrorismo/Despierta Chile]</ref>
On December 18, 1984, guerrillas plant a bomb in the Intendance of the O'Higgins Region, wounding 12 civilians in the resulting explosion.
On March 27, 1985, a car bomb damages two banks and a hotel in the capital, injuring seven civilians (two journalists, four office workers and a passerby) in the leftist terrorist attack. That same day, another bomb was planted in the branch of the Osorno Bank of the city of Valparaíso, seriously wounding four employees.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19850327&id=48UdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-GEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7098,7802793&hl=en Car bomb in Chile damages 2 U.S. banks, luxury hotel]</ref>
On December 29, 1984, 42-year-old Sergeant Luis Percy Alvarado Muñoz is shot and mortally wounded in the Cerro Navia suburb of Santiago while boarding an abandoned bus that MIR guerrillas had seized.<ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=2812 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref>
On March 25, 1985, MIR terrorists plant a booby-trap at the Araucano Hotel in [[Concepción]], killing a marine sergeant, 32-year-old René Osvaldo Lara Arriagada and an army sergeant, 41-year-old Alejandro del Carmen Avendaño Sánchez that had been sent to investigate the premises.<ref>[http://www.despiertachile.cl/contenido/martires-del-terrorismo-marzo Martires del Terrorismo/Despierta Chile]</ref>
On March 27, 1985, three car bombs in downtown Santiago destroy the branches of Citibank and First National Bank of New York and shatter all the windows of a nearby 15-story luxury hotel, injuring six civilians in the leftist terrorist attack.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19850327&id=48UdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-GEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7098,7802793&hl=en Car bomb in Chile damages 2 U.S. banks, luxury hotel]</ref>That same day, another bomb targeted the offices of the ''La Nación newspaper'', wounding four journalists (Jorge Provens, Mario Vielma, Alberto Bravo and Leonardo González) and a passerby (Juan Michiman)<ref>"Autobomba contra edificio del diario La Nación. Heridos: los periodistas Jorge Provens, Mario Vielma, Alberto Bravo, Leonardo González y el transuente Juan Michiman." La Violencia Izquierdista en Chile, p. 89, Unión de Oficiales en Retiro de la Defensa Nacional</ref>A bomb also rocks the branch of the Osorno Bank in the city of Valparaíso, seriously wounding four employees (María Romero Contreras, Ricardo Lara Cárcamo, Beatriz Lara Romero and Cristofer Lara Romero)<ref>"27 Marzo 1985 Bomba en sucursal Valparaíso del Banco Osorno. Heridos : María Romero Contreras, Ricardo Lara Cárcamo, Beatriz Lara Romero y Cristofer Lara Romero. " La Violencia Izquierdista en Chile, p. 89, Unión de Oficiales en Retiro de la Defensa Nacional</ref>
On May 14, 1985, leftists detonate bombs in the suburbs of Lo Prado and Cerro Navia in Santiago, that wound 16 civilians.<ref>Historia de la Revolución Militar Chilena 1973 - 1990, Hermógenes Pérez de Arce, Editorial El Roble</ref>
On May 14, 1985, leftists detonate bombs in the suburbs of Lo Prado and Cerro Navia in Santiago, that wound 16 civilians.<ref>Historia de la Revolución Militar Chilena 1973 - 1990, Hermógenes Pérez de Arce, Editorial El Roble</ref>
On June 27, 1985, the driver of a locomotive is killed while removing an electricity pole lying across the train track, victim of a bomb blast blamed on leftist rebels.<ref>[http://www.angelfire.com/la/carta/Crono.html Cronología del terrorismo socialista]</ref>
On June 27, 1985, the train driver (45-year-old Carlos Valverde Briones) of Locomotive No. 117 operating in Limache outside Valparaíso, is killed while removing an electricity pole lying across the train track, victim of a booby-trap blamed on leftist militants.<ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=2023 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref><ref>[http://www.angelfire.com/la/carta/Crono.html Cronología del terrorismo socialista]</ref>
On July 12, 1985, leftist terrorists wound three policemen in a bus with a hand grenade and detonate 15 bombs in all the major Chilean cities.
On July 12, 1985, leftist terrorists wound three policemen in a bus with a hand grenade and detonate 15 bombs in all the major Chilean cities.
On August 9, 1985, leftist militants operating in the Chilean capital cause major blackouts in Santiago, and shoot and wound two policemen in their patrol car and destroy with Molotov cocktails four passenger buses.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19850811&id=xPhVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=huEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6625,2537351&hl=en Police, protesters battle in Chile; 2 dead, 12 hurt]</ref>
On August 9, 1985, leftist militants operating in the Chilean capital cause major blackouts in Santiago, and shoot and wound two policemen in their patrol car and destroy with Molotov cocktails four passenger buses.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19850811&id=xPhVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=huEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6625,2537351&hl=en Police, protesters battle in Chile; 2 dead, 12 hurt]</ref>
On August 14, 1985, a leftist bomb planted in the Savory 3 restaurant in downtown Santiago wounds a family of four, Miguel Contreras and his wife María Alcaíno, along with their children, 3-year-old Michel and 2-year-old Catherine.<ref>[https://www.victimasdelterrorismo.cl/inicio/celebrando-un-cumplea%C3%B1os-una-familia-es-v%C3%ADctima-de-un-bombazo-en-pleno-paseo-ahumada Bombazo e histeria en pleno Paseo Ahumada]</ref> A passerby, 26-year-old Delia Castro Cabezas and a waiter, 33-year-old Gabriel Enrique Moreno Rubín are also badly injured by flying shards of glass in the explosion.
On August 13, 1985, a 26-year-old Marine Lieutenant César Omar Chesta Mousset seconded to the CNI (secret police), is killed while attempting to deactivate a bomb planted in railway tracks in the suburb of Peñablanca, 20 kilometres outside Viña del Mar. <ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=2204 CHESTA MOUISSET CESAR OMAR]</ref>
On August 14, 1985, a leftist bomb planted in the Savory 3 restaurant in downtown Santiago wounds a family of four, Miguel Contreras and his wife María Alcaíno, along with their children, 3-year-old Michel and 2-year-old Catherine.<ref>[https://www.victimasdelterrorismo.cl/inicio/celebrando-un-cumplea%C3%B1os-una-familia-es-v%C3%ADctima-de-un-bombazo-en-pleno-paseo-ahumada Bombazo e histeria en pleno Paseo Ahumada]</ref> <ref>[https://groups.google.com/g/chile.soc.politica/c/XA4gmffj0OM/m/HcnS1uyaObIJ?pli=1 Cronología del terrorismo socialista]</ref>A passerby, 26-year-old Delia Castro Cabezas and a waiter, 33-year-old Gabriel Enrique Moreno Rubín are also badly injured by flying shards of glass in the explosion.
On August 30, 1985, an arms cache of the outlawed Communist Party was discovered in [[Antofogasta]]. A great quantity of explosives from Libya were found there. According to foreign intelligence services, all this materiel was smuggled into Chile over the northern border. These explosives came from Nicaragua, where they had arrived from Libya, and the shipment for the [[Sandinist Revolutionary Army]] was diverted to the Chilean terrorist organizations.<ref>"According to investigations carried out by the intelligence services of other countries, all this materiel was smuggled into Chile over the northern border. These arms came from Nicaragua, where they had arrived from Libya, and the shipment was consigned to the Sandinist Revolutionary Army, to be delivered to the so-called "Chilean resistance." Daily Report: Latin America (Volume 86, Issues 11-21), p. 45, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 1986</ref>
On August 30, 1985, an arms cache of the outlawed Communist Party was discovered in [[Antofogasta]]. A great quantity of explosives from Libya were found there. According to foreign intelligence services, all this materiel was smuggled into Chile over the northern border. These explosives came from Nicaragua, where they had arrived from Libya, and the shipment for the [[Sandinist Revolutionary Army]] was diverted to the Chilean terrorist organizations.<ref>"According to investigations carried out by the intelligence services of other countries, all this materiel was smuggled into Chile over the northern border. These arms came from Nicaragua, where they had arrived from Libya, and the shipment was consigned to the Sandinist Revolutionary Army, to be delivered to the so-called "Chilean resistance." Daily Report: Latin America (Volume 86, Issues 11-21), p. 45, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 1986</ref>
In October 1985, a woman losses both legs in Avenida Providencia when a leftist bomb detonates outside an office building. That same month, bombs planted by FPMR guerrillas in the Las Brisas supermarket and other businesses in Viña del Mar kill five civilians.<ref>Historia de la Revolución Militar Chilena 1973 - 1990, Hermógenes Pérez de Arce, Editorial El Roble</ref>
In October 1985, a woman losses both legs in Avenida Providencia when a leftist bomb detonates outside an office building. That same month, FPMR guerrillas firebomb the Las Brisas supermarket and other businesses in Viña del Mar killing five civilians.<ref>Historia de la Revolución Militar Chilena 1973 - 1990, Hermógenes Pérez de Arce, Editorial El Roble</ref> <ref>[https://groups.google.com/g/chile.soc.politica/c/XA4gmffj0OM/m/HcnS1uyaObIJ?pli=1 Cronología del terrorismo socialista]</ref>
On December 6, 1985, a policeman is shot dead by four leftist guerrillas who opened fire with machine guns as he walked home. That same month, 15 passenger buses in Santiago are destroyed with petrol bombs and the marxist guerrillas plant another bomb in the Santiago Metro subway, before escaping after a gun-battle with the police.
On December 6, 1985, a special forces policeman (26-year-old Patricio Hilario Rodríguez Núñez) is shot dead by four leftist militants who ambushed him as he walked to the La Florida police station in Santiago.<ref>[https://interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl/victimas/?p=2571 Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos]</ref>That same month, 15 passenger buses in Santiago are destroyed with petrol bombs and the marxist guerrillas plant another bomb in the Santiago Metro subway, before escaping after a gun-battle with the police.
In all, 866 Left-Wing terrorist attacks take place during 1984 and 1985.<ref>[http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-2562.html Chile Terrorism]</ref>
In all, 866 Left-Wing terrorist attacks take place during 1984 and 1985.<ref>[http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-2562.html Chile Terrorism]</ref>
*On September 11, 1998, three police stations—La Pincoya, La Granja and La Victoria—were attacked with firearms, incendiary bombs and rocks and 36 were carabineros were wounded in leftist violence related to the 25th anniversary commemorations of the military coup.
*On September 11, 1998, three police stations—La Pincoya, La Granja and La Victoria—were attacked with firearms, incendiary bombs and rocks and 36 were carabineros were wounded in leftist violence related to the 25th anniversary commemorations of the military coup.
==Terrorism in the 2000s and 2010s==
==Terrorism in the 2000s, 2010s and 2020s==
{{Main article|Terrorism in the South of Chile and Argentina}}
{{Main article|Terrorism in the South of Chile and Argentina}}
[[File:Logo de la CAM.jpg|thumbnail|200px|Logo of the ''Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco'' terrorist group.]]
[[File:Logo de la CAM.jpg|thumbnail|200px|Logo of the ''Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco'' terrorist group.]]
The Mapuche community of Temucuicui is a place were the police cannot enter, because the residents act violently every time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latercera.com/reportajes/noticia/la-zona-roja-temucuicui/416101/|title=La zona roja de Temucuicui|date=November 25, 2018|language=es|publisher=La Tercera}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/pais/region-de-la-araucania/comunero-mapuche-fue-detenido-como-sospechoso-de-homicidio-frustrado/2019-06-30/101928.html|title=Comunero mapuche fue detenido como sospechoso de homicidio frustrado|language=es|publisher=Cooperativa|date=June 30, 2019}}</ref>
The Mapuche community of Temucuicui is a place were the police cannot enter, because the residents act violently every time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latercera.com/reportajes/noticia/la-zona-roja-temucuicui/416101/|title=La zona roja de Temucuicui|date=November 25, 2018|language=es|publisher=La Tercera}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/pais/region-de-la-araucania/comunero-mapuche-fue-detenido-como-sospechoso-de-homicidio-frustrado/2019-06-30/101928.html|title=Comunero mapuche fue detenido como sospechoso de homicidio frustrado|language=es|publisher=Cooperativa|date=June 30, 2019}}</ref>
This conflict is also occurring in Argentina.
This conflict soon spread to southern Argentina.
*On January 4, 2013 an elderly couple, Werner Luchsinger and Vivianne Mackay were burned alive inside their house in the [[Araucanía Región]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.emol.com/noticias/Nacional/2017/10/25/880703/Cronologia-del-Caso-LuchsingerMackay-desde-el-ataque-a-la-absolucion.html|title=Cronología del caso Luchsinger-MacKay: Desde el ataque a la absolución|publisher=Emol.com|language=es|date=October 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-de-la-araucania/2019/01/03/a-6-anos-de-la-muerte-del-matrimonio-luchsinger-mackay-continuan-profugos-2-de-los-4-condenados.shtml|title=A 6 años de la muerte del matrimonio Luchsinger Mackay: continúan prófugos 2 de los 4 condenados|publisher=Biobío Chile|language=es|date=3 January 2019}}</ref>
*On January 4, 2013 an elderly couple, Werner Luchsinger and Vivianne Mackay were burned alive inside their house in the [[Araucanía Región]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.emol.com/noticias/Nacional/2017/10/25/880703/Cronologia-del-Caso-LuchsingerMackay-desde-el-ataque-a-la-absolucion.html|title=Cronología del caso Luchsinger-MacKay: Desde el ataque a la absolución|publisher=Emol.com|language=es|date=October 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-de-la-araucania/2019/01/03/a-6-anos-de-la-muerte-del-matrimonio-luchsinger-mackay-continuan-profugos-2-de-los-4-condenados.shtml|title=A 6 años de la muerte del matrimonio Luchsinger Mackay: continúan prófugos 2 de los 4 condenados|publisher=Biobío Chile|language=es|date=3 January 2019}}</ref>
*On September 8, 2014, a bomb exploded in a fast-food restaurant near the Escuela Militar subway station in the suburb of Las Condes in Santiago, wounding at least 14 workers, patrons and commuters. <ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/chilean-bomb-blast-in-restaurant-injures-14/ Chilean bomb blast in restaurant injures 14]</ref>
*On July 25, 2019, 8 police agents (Major Manuel Guzmán Hernández, Sub-Lieutenant Camila Chaparro Salas, Senior Sergeant Hugo Chamorro Pinto, Sergeant Erika Bravo Aravena and Corporals José Luis Aguayo Montiel, José González Parra, Estefanía Contreras Parra and Valeria Alvarado Marín) are wounded when a parcel bomb detonates in the police station of the suburb of Huechuraba in Santiago. <ref>[https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-metropolitana/2019/07/25/bomberos-trabaja-en-explosion-que-afecto-a-comisaria-de-huechuraba.shtml Ocho carabineros lesionados por atentado explosivo en comisaría de Huechuraba]</ref>
*On May 24, 2021 a carabinier NCO, 42-year-old Francisco Abraham Benavides García is shot dead after coming under fire from separatists while traveling in a Mowag Piranha wheeled Armoured Personnel along Route R-35 (near Parque Eólico Malleco) in the Araucanía Region. <ref>[https://www.ex-ante.cl/conflicto-en-la-araucania-quien-era-francisco-benavides-el-sargento-que-sirvio-en-conchali-y-que-fue-asesinado-este-lunes/ Quién era Francisco Benavides, el sargento que fue asesinado a bordo un mowag al concluir un operativo en La Araucanía]</ref>
See [[2019 Chilean State of Emergency]].
See [[2019 Chilean State of Emergency]].
[[Category:Wars]]
[[Category:Wars]]
[[Category:Terrorism]]
[[Category:Terrorism]]
[[Category:Cold War in Chile]]