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→‎Grant era, intraparty state politics, internal improvements: Not all the opponents of the San Domingo annexation were racists -- most notably, Sumner excoriated it. However, most, including Liberal Republican leaSchurz, were rabid white supremacists.
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Notwithstanding civil rights issues, Howe was very outspoken and prioritized in advocating internal improvements due to his old Whig background.<ref name=pp95-96/> Wisconsin's deficiency in transportation, exacerbated by the state constitution prohibiting expenditures, led Howe to favor generous expenditures as a means of spurring economic growth, and he supported protective tariffs to finance the programs. However, due to insufficient support for high tariffs from a number of Wisconsin congressmen, the internal improvements were only partially obtained.<ref name=pp95-96/>
 
Notwithstanding civil rights issues, Howe was very outspoken and prioritized in advocating internal improvements due to his old Whig background.<ref name=pp95-96/> Wisconsin's deficiency in transportation, exacerbated by the state constitution prohibiting expenditures, led Howe to favor generous expenditures as a means of spurring economic growth, and he supported protective tariffs to finance the programs. However, due to insufficient support for high tariffs from a number of Wisconsin congressmen, the internal improvements were only partially obtained.<ref name=pp95-96/>
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As a loyalist for the policies of the Grant Administration, Howe strongly supported the annexation of San Domingo,<ref name=pp95-96/> opposed by anti-imperialists who employed racial prejudices. When Sumner led a fierce campaign against the annexation, his ousting was ensured by Howe, who described the former as "fighting the President for a year with terrible malignancy."<ref name=pp95-96/>
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As a loyalist for the policies of the Grant Administration, Howe strongly supported the annexation of San Domingo (favored by civil rights supporters as a means to bring poorer nations into prosperity),<ref name=pp95-96/> opposed mostly by anti-imperialists including Carl Schurz who employed racial prejudices. When Sumner led a fierce campaign against the annexation, his ousting was ensured by Howe, who described the former as "fighting the President for a year with terrible malignancy."<ref name=pp95-96/>
    
Howe, supported Radical Republican governor Lucius Fairchild in Wisconsin, and in return received the backing of the state GOP machine. Despite the Wisconsin Republican caucus previously aligned with anti-Radicals who favored Johnson's racist policies, it shifted by 1873, under the direction of Elisha Keyes, to full united support for Howe and reelected him without a nomination.<ref name=pp95-96/>
 
Howe, supported Radical Republican governor Lucius Fairchild in Wisconsin, and in return received the backing of the state GOP machine. Despite the Wisconsin Republican caucus previously aligned with anti-Radicals who favored Johnson's racist policies, it shifted by 1873, under the direction of Elisha Keyes, to full united support for Howe and reelected him without a nomination.<ref name=pp95-96/>
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