Changes

The aim and scope of the Costigan–Wagner Act was considerably weaker than that of the preceding Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill of 1922. It lacked a provision to directly prosecute members of lynch mobs, and prosecution of local police officers from a federal level for the failure to prevent lynchings could only materialize under the Act if individual states failed to prosecute such officers within thirty days.<ref>Ness, Immanuel (2004). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Encyclopedia_of_American_Social_Movement/6vwvCgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=costigan-wagner+act&pg=PA134&printsec=frontcover ''Encyclopedia of American Social Movements''], p. 134. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 2, 2022.</ref> The bill therefore made compromises to the traditional Jeffersonian adherence of the Democratic Party, though ultimately was opposed by anti–civil rights forces, who nonetheless viewed it as a purported infringement of "states' rights."

The aim and scope of the Costigan–Wagner Act was considerably weaker than that of the preceding Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill of 1922. It lacked a provision to directly prosecute members of lynch mobs, and prosecution of local police officers from a federal level for the failure to prevent lynchings could only materialize under the Act if individual states failed to prosecute such officers within thirty days.<ref>Ness, Immanuel (2004). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Encyclopedia_of_American_Social_Movement/6vwvCgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=costigan-wagner+act&pg=PA134&printsec=frontcover ''Encyclopedia of American Social Movements''], p. 134. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 2, 2022.</ref> The bill therefore made compromises to the traditional Jeffersonian adherence of the Democratic Party, though ultimately was opposed by anti–civil rights forces, who nonetheless viewed it as a purported infringement of "states' rights."

==FDR's silence==

==FDR's silence==