Changes

According to Robert R. McCoy in the ''Oregon Historical Quarterly'', Vol. 110, the middle class during the [[Progressive Era]] formed a movement summarized by historians as "radical democratic populism."<ref>McCoy, Robert R. (2009). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20615986 The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics: The Political Career of Walter Marcus Pierce], p. 392. ''JSTOR''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> Also deemed "reactionary populism," it was used to describe the tendency for Progressive activists to advocate democratic reforms while simultaneously discriminating against racial and ethnic minorities. The Progressive Movement was strong in [[Oregon]], where agrarian contempt for Yankee capitalism was strong and long fueled left-wing populist causes like free coinage of silver;<ref>"The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics," p. 395.</ref> such economic appeals were mixed with overt anti-Asian sentiment, which was prominent in the West.

According to Robert R. McCoy in the ''Oregon Historical Quarterly'', Vol. 110, the middle class during the [[Progressive Era]] formed a movement summarized by historians as "radical democratic populism."<ref>McCoy, Robert R. (2009). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20615986 The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics: The Political Career of Walter Marcus Pierce], p. 392. ''JSTOR''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> Also deemed "reactionary populism," it was used to describe the tendency for Progressive activists to advocate democratic reforms while simultaneously discriminating against racial and ethnic minorities. The Progressive Movement was strong in [[Oregon]], where agrarian contempt for Yankee capitalism was strong and long fueled left-wing populist causes like free coinage of silver;<ref>"The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics," p. 395.</ref> such economic appeals were mixed with overt anti-Asian sentiment, which was prominent in the West.

During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan became a powerful force in Oregon, as was the case in numerous other states where the Progressive Movement carried a lasting impact. [[Walter M. Pierce]], a lifelong Democrat who led the banner of "radical democratic populism" known for persistent bigotry against ethnic minorities including blacks, Chinese-Americans, Japanese-Americans, and Jews, was elected governor in 1922 over anti-Klan incumbent Republican [[Ben W. Olcott]]. During his tenure, Pierce signed into law a sterilization act.<ref name=mccoy,p.410>"The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics," p. 410.</ref> As written by McCoy:

During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan became a powerful force in Oregon, as was the case in numerous other states where the Progressive Movement carried a lasting impact. The ''Oregon Voter'' tracked fifty-eight known klaverns in the state nearing the end of 1922.<ref>[https://www.oregonhistoryproject.org/articles/historical-records/proclamation-against-the-ku-klux-klan-1922/#.YJHE7qGn2Uk Proclamation Against the Ku Klux Klan, 1922]. ''Oregon History Project''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> [[Walter M. Pierce]], a lifelong Democrat who led the banner of "radical democratic populism" known for persistent bigotry against ethnic minorities including blacks, Chinese-Americans, Japanese-Americans, and Jews, was elected governor in 1922 over anti-Klan incumbent Republican [[Ben W. Olcott]]. During his tenure as governor, Pierce signed into law a sterilization act in 1923.<ref name=mccoy,p.410>"The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics," p. 410.</ref> McCoy writes:

{{cquote|Pierce, during his term as governor, signed a bill "allowing the sterilization of the feebleminded and the criminally insane in state institutions." ... Pierce "took pleasure" in signing what he described as "the first really effective law in the United States on sterilization."|||McCoy, "The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics," p. 410.}}

{{cquote|Pierce, during his term as governor, signed a bill "allowing the sterilization of the feebleminded and the criminally insane in state institutions." ... Pierce "took pleasure" in signing what he described as "the first really effective law in the United States on sterilization."|||McCoy, "The Paradox of Oregon's Progressive Politics," p. 410.}}

==References==

==References==