| − | The '''Berlin transport strike''' was a massive transportation strike in 1932 engineered by the [[Nazi Party]] (NSDAP) and Communist Party (KPD),<ref>Rabinbach, Anson; Gilman, Sander (2013). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Third_Reich_Sourcebook/XhDakMp55i0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA841&printsec=frontcover The Third Reich Sourcebook], p. 841. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> more specifically the National Socialist Factory Cell Organization (NSBO) and Revolutionary Union Opposition (RGO).<ref>Feuchtwanger, Edgar J. (1993). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/From_Weimar_to_Hitler/c4awCwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA297&printsec=frontcover From Weimar to Hitler: Germany, 1918-33], p. 297. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> Although rank-and-file members of both extremist parties' paramilitary units were prone to assaulting one another in streets, the upper hierarchies jointly organized a syncretic labor front which culminated in the transport strike.<ref name=lee,p.58>Edwards, Lee (November 1999). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Collapse_of_Communism/AglXAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA58&printsec=frontcover The Collapse of Communism], p. 58. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> | + | The '''Berlin transport strike''' was a massive transportation strike in 1932 engineered by the [[Nazi Party]] (NSDAP) and Communist Party (KPD),<ref>Rabinbach, Anson; Gilman, Sander (2013). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Third_Reich_Sourcebook/XhDakMp55i0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA841&printsec=frontcover The Third Reich Sourcebook], p. 841. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> more specifically the National Socialist Factory Cell Organization (NSBO) and Revolutionary Union Opposition (RGO) respectively.<ref>Feuchtwanger, Edgar J. (1993). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/From_Weimar_to_Hitler/c4awCwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA297&printsec=frontcover From Weimar to Hitler: Germany, 1918-33], p. 297. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> Although rank-and-file members of both extremist parties' paramilitary units were prone to assaulting one another in streets, the upper hierarchies jointly organized a syncretic labor front which culminated in the transport strike.<ref name=lee,p.58>Edwards, Lee (November 1999). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Collapse_of_Communism/AglXAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA58&printsec=frontcover The Collapse of Communism], p. 58. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> |
| | During 1932, no political party in Germany held majority control, with the Nazis holding a plurality, while Social Democrats (SPD) came second and the Communists third.<ref name=suvorov>[[Viktor Suvorov|Suvorov, Viktor]] (2013). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Chief_Culprit/EYA4AAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PT15&printsec=frontcover The Chief Culprit: Stalin's Grand Design to Start World War II]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> The Communists faced the option of either forming an alliance with the SPD, their long-hated allies who they branded as "Social Fascists," to overthrow the Nazi Party, or riskily form a syncretic front with the NSDAP, whom they viewed as more [[revolution]]ary. This viewpoint was concurred by the KPD leader Ernst Thälmann, who viewed the SPD as not being "true democrats."<ref>[Resisting Hitler]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> On the orders of Soviet Union dictator [[Joseph Stalin]],<ref>Conquest, Robert (1968). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Great_Terror/ubXQSk2qfXMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA195&printsec=frontcover The Great Terror: A Reassessment], p. 195. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> the German Communists favored the second approach and joined hands with the Nazis.<ref name=suvorov/> Even prior to the implementation of the transportation strike, Communists formed grassroots cooperation with Nazis, largely out of mutual antipathy towards the more moderate SPD, and discussed strikes against wage cuts.<ref>Fischer, Conan. (1991). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_German_Communists_and_the_Rise_of_Na/DXqJDAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA177&printsec=frontcover The German Communists and the Rise of Nazism]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> | | During 1932, no political party in Germany held majority control, with the Nazis holding a plurality, while Social Democrats (SPD) came second and the Communists third.<ref name=suvorov>[[Viktor Suvorov|Suvorov, Viktor]] (2013). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Chief_Culprit/EYA4AAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PT15&printsec=frontcover The Chief Culprit: Stalin's Grand Design to Start World War II]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> The Communists faced the option of either forming an alliance with the SPD, their long-hated allies who they branded as "Social Fascists," to overthrow the Nazi Party, or riskily form a syncretic front with the NSDAP, whom they viewed as more [[revolution]]ary. This viewpoint was concurred by the KPD leader Ernst Thälmann, who viewed the SPD as not being "true democrats."<ref>[Resisting Hitler]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> On the orders of Soviet Union dictator [[Joseph Stalin]],<ref>Conquest, Robert (1968). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Great_Terror/ubXQSk2qfXMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA195&printsec=frontcover The Great Terror: A Reassessment], p. 195. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> the German Communists favored the second approach and joined hands with the Nazis.<ref name=suvorov/> Even prior to the implementation of the transportation strike, Communists formed grassroots cooperation with Nazis, largely out of mutual antipathy towards the more moderate SPD, and discussed strikes against wage cuts.<ref>Fischer, Conan. (1991). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_German_Communists_and_the_Rise_of_Na/DXqJDAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nazi+communist+transport+strike&pg=PA177&printsec=frontcover The German Communists and the Rise of Nazism]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved December 12, 2022.</ref> |