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[[File:Mufti-al-Husseni-with-Al-Gaylani.1941.jpg|thumb|Mufti, Mohammed Amin al-Husseini [محمد أمين الحسيني] and Rashid Ali al-Gaylani [رشيد عالي الگيلاني] in 1941, Iraq Arab-Nazi coup. (Younis Bahri first from the left)]]

[[File:Mufti-al-Husseni-with-Al-Gaylani.1941.jpg|thumb|Mufti, Mohammed Amin al-Husseini [محمد أمين الحسيني] and Rashid Ali al-Gaylani [رشيد عالي الگيلاني] in 1941, Iraq Arab-Nazi coup. (Younis Bahri first from the left)]]

In 1941, there was a brief Arab Pro-[[Nazi]] coup, by the four Iraqi nationalist army generals, known as "the Golden Square, the Mufti, [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem|Mohammed Amin al-Husseini]] [محمد أمين الحسيني] and Rashid Ali al-Gaylani [رشيد عالي الگيلاني] assisted by al-Muthanna / Futuwwa (modeled on [[Hitler]]-Youth) fascist groups.  

In 1941, there was a brief Arab Pro-[[Nazi]] coup, by the four Iraqi nationalist army generals, known as "the Golden Square, the Mufti, [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem|Mohammed Amin al-Husseini]] [محمد أمين الحسيني] and Rashid Ali al-Gaylani [رشيد عالي الگيلاني] assisted by al-Muthanna / Futuwwa (modeled on [[Hitler]]-Youth) fascist groups.  

[[File:Farhoud.jpg|thumb|Farhoud]]

[[File:Farhoud.jpg|thumb|Farhoud]]

The Mufti also incited to the infamous ''Farhud'' ([الفرهود] Farhoud) pogrom against Iraqi [[Jews]] on ''Shavuot'', June 1-2, carried out by Futuwwa and others including some policemen. It came after months of instigation, portions of ''Mein Kampf'' in Arabic publications and Younis Bahri's Berlin 'voice of Hitler in Arabic' radio broadcasts.  It was brutal: "Hundreds of Jews were cut down by sword and rifle, some decapitated. Babies were sliced in half and thrown into the Tigris river. Girls were raped in front of their parents. Parents were mercilessly killed in front of their children."<ref>Black, Edwin. The Farhud: Roots of the Arab-Nazi Alliance in the Holocaust. United States: Dialog Press, 2018. [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Farhud/SklVwAEACAAJ?hl=en].<br>

The Mufti also incited to the infamous ''Farhud'' ([الفرهود] Farhoud) pogrom against Iraqi [[Jews]] on ''Shavuot'', June 1-2, (just before the new government settled in) , carried out by Futuwwa and others including policemen. It came after months of instigation, includinh bybthe Mufti and hus assuvuates Darwush al-Mikdadi and [[Akram Zuaiter]] portions of ''Mein Kampf'' in Arabic publications and Younis Bahri's Berlin 'voice of Hitler in Arabic' radio broadcasts.  It was brutal: "Hundreds of Jews were cut down by sword and rifle, some decapitated. Babies were sliced in half and thrown into the Tigris river. Girls were raped in front of their parents. Parents were mercilessly killed in front of their children."<ref>Black, Edwin. The Farhud: Roots of the Arab-Nazi Alliance in the Holocaust. United States: Dialog Press, 2018. [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Farhud/SklVwAEACAAJ?hl=en].<br>

[https://jewishunpacked.com/farhud-the-nazi-fueled-pogrom-in-iraq-that-led-to-the-jews-leaving-the-country/ The Nazi fueled pogrom in Iraq that led to the Jews leaving the country], JewishUnpacked May 23, 2022.

[https://jewishunpacked.com/farhud-the-nazi-fueled-pogrom-in-iraq-that-led-to-the-jews-leaving-the-country/ The Nazi fueled pogrom in Iraq that led to the Jews leaving the country], JewishUnpacked May 23, 2022.

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Hundreds of Jews were cut down by sword and rifle, some decapitated. Babies were sliced in half and thrown into the Tigris river. Girls were raped in front of their parents. Parents were mercilessly killed in front of their children. Hundreds of Jewish homes and businesses were looted, then burned.</blockquote></ref> Some estimate Jewish fatalities victims to be up to a 1,000.<ref>Carole Basri, [https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/the-farhud-the-2-stage-ethnic-cleansing-of-iraqi-jewry/ First came the Farhud: The 2-stage ethnic cleansing of Iraqi Jewry], ''TOI'', June 2, 2021.</ref> The coup was later repelled by the Brits.

Hundreds of Jews were cut down by sword and rifle, some decapitated. Babies were sliced in half and thrown into the Tigris river. Girls were raped in front of their parents. Parents were mercilessly killed in front of their children. Hundreds of Jewish homes and businesses were looted, then burned.</blockquote></ref> Some estimate Jewish fatalities victims to be up to a 1,000.<ref>Carole Basri, [https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/the-farhud-the-2-stage-ethnic-cleansing-of-iraqi-jewry/ First came the Farhud: The 2-stage ethnic cleansing of Iraqi Jewry], ''TOI'', June 2, 2021.</ref> Wuth [[Yunis al-Sabawi]] planning a greater massacre, foiled.  

In the years following the [[Second World War]] Iraq was allied to Britain, the United States and Turkey, and Britain continued to exert considerable influence over the country. In 1958 an "anti-imperialists" military coup overthrew and executed the British-installed royal family. The coup leader Abd al-Quassim banned all political parties and declared that Kuwait was part of Iraq. The [[Arab League]] then asked Britain to send troops to Kuwait to prevent an Iraqi invasion of one of its member states. The troop deployment prevented a war but al-Quassim responded by allying Iraq with the Soviet Union and communist China. Quassim used money taken from the western owned Iraq Petroleum Company to carry out economic reforms in Iraq. Western governments were becoming concerned Iraq could become the "new Cuba" and in 1963 they supported a pro-western coup that overthrew Quassim. Between 1963 and 1968 there was a period of political instability with several failed governments and attempted coups.  

In the years following the [[Second World War]] Iraq was allied to Britain, the United States and Turkey, and Britain continued to exert considerable influence over the country. In 1958 an "anti-imperialists" military coup overthrew and executed the British-installed royal family. The coup leader Abd al-Quassim banned all political parties and declared that Kuwait was part of Iraq. The [[Arab League]] then asked Britain to send troops to Kuwait to prevent an Iraqi invasion of one of its member states. The troop deployment prevented a war but al-Quassim responded by allying Iraq with the Soviet Union and communist China. Quassim used money taken from the western owned Iraq Petroleum Company to carry out economic reforms in Iraq. Western governments were becoming concerned Iraq could become the "new Cuba" and in 1963 they supported a pro-western coup that overthrew Quassim. Between 1963 and 1968 there was a period of political instability with several failed governments and attempted coups.