Changes

Al-Sab'awi was very active in the al-Muthanna<ref>Intellectual life in the Arab East, 1890–1939, Center for Arab and Middle East Studies, American University of Beirut, 1981, p. 172.</ref> fascist club<ref>Davis, Eric. Memories of State: Politics, History, and Collective Identity in Modern Iraq. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. p.14.</ref><ref>Antisemitism: A History. United Kingdom: OUP Oxford, 2010. [https://books.google.com/books?id=C0VEn3IQZ6AC&pg=PA219 p. 219].

Al-Sab'awi was very active in the al-Muthanna<ref>Intellectual life in the Arab East, 1890–1939, Center for Arab and Middle East Studies, American University of Beirut, 1981, p. 172.</ref> fascist club<ref>Davis, Eric. Memories of State: Politics, History, and Collective Identity in Modern Iraq. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. p.14.</ref><ref>Antisemitism: A History. United Kingdom: OUP Oxford, 2010. [https://books.google.com/books?id=C0VEn3IQZ6AC&pg=PA219 p. 219].

</ref><ref>Neiberg, Michael S.. When France Fell: The Vichy Crisis and the Fate of the Anglo-American Alliance. United Kingdom: Harvard University Press, 2021.

</ref><ref>Neiberg, Michael S.. When France Fell: The Vichy Crisis and the Fate of the Anglo-American Alliance. United Kingdom: Harvard University Press, 2021.

[https://books.google.com/books?id=4_M5EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA118 p.118].</ref><ref>Baram, Amatzia. Culture, History and Ideology in the Formation of Ba'thist Iraq, 1968-89. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. [https://books.google.com/books?id=snyuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA161 p. 161].</ref> whose leaders were on the German payroll and whose members called themselves "national socialists,"<ref>Schwanitz, Wolfgang G.., Rubin, Barry. Nazis, Islamists, and the Making of the Modern Middle East. United Kingdom: Yale University Press, 2014. https://books.google.com/books?id=UHe9AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116 p. 116].</ref> and the ''al-Futuwwa'' youth squad,<ref name=davis>Davis, Eric. Memories of State: Politics, History, and Collective Identity in Modern Iraq. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. [https://books.google.com/books?id=4qRW5KpgDM4C&pg=PA70 p. 70].

[https://books.google.com/books?id=4_M5EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA118 p.118].</ref><ref>Baram, Amatzia. Culture, History and Ideology in the Formation of Ba'thist Iraq, 1968-89. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. [https://books.google.com/books?id=snyuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA161 p. 161].</ref> whose leaders were on the German payroll and whose members called themselves "national socialists,"<ref>Schwanitz, Wolfgang G.., Rubin, Barry. Nazis, Islamists, and the Making of the Modern Middle East. United Kingdom: Yale University Press, 2014. [https://books.google.com/books?id=UHe9AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116 p. 116].</ref> and the ''al-Futuwwa'' youth squad,<ref name=davis>Davis, Eric. Memories of State: Politics, History, and Collective Identity in Modern Iraq. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. [https://books.google.com/books?id=4qRW5KpgDM4C&pg=PA70 p. 70].

<blockquote>The one member of Rashid 'Ali al-Gaylani's government who refused to leave Baghdad was Yunis al-Sab'awi. An active member of the al-Muthanna Club , which, under German ambassador Fritz Groba's influence developed a youth organization, the al-Futuwwa, modeled on European fascist lines, al-Sab'awi had developed strong anti-Jewish sentiments. Known in colloquial Iraqi Arabic as the Farhud (Pogrom), a mob led by al-Muthanna Club members and its youth organization attacked the Baghdad Jewish community on ...</blockquote></ref> modeled on [[Hitler Youth]].<ref>Gershoni, I.., Jankowski, James P.. Rethinking Nationalism in the Arab Middle East. United Kingdom: Columbia University Press, 1997. [https://books.google.com/books?id=f3axNF2GdCkC&pg=PA18 p.18].</ref><ref>Cohen, Michael J. Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917-1948. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2014. [https://books.google.com/books?id=DLPpAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA388 p.388]</ref><ref>Rosen, David M.. Armies of the Young: Child Soldiers in War and Terrorism. United Kingdom: Rutgers University Press, 2005. [https://books.google.com/books?id=zQYQ0tho6mAC&pg=PA107 p.107]</ref><ref>Gunitsky, Seva. Aftershocks: Great Powers and Domestic Reforms in the Twentieth Century. United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=o2-YDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132 p.132].</ref>

<blockquote>The one member of Rashid 'Ali al-Gaylani's government who refused to leave Baghdad was Yunis al-Sab'awi. An active member of the al-Muthanna Club , which, under German ambassador Fritz Groba's influence developed a youth organization, the al-Futuwwa, modeled on European fascist lines, al-Sab'awi had developed strong anti-Jewish sentiments. Known in colloquial Iraqi Arabic as the Farhud (Pogrom), a mob led by al-Muthanna Club members and its youth organization attacked the Baghdad Jewish community on ...</blockquote></ref> modeled on [[Hitler Youth]].<ref>Gershoni, I.., Jankowski, James P.. Rethinking Nationalism in the Arab Middle East. United Kingdom: Columbia University Press, 1997. [https://books.google.com/books?id=f3axNF2GdCkC&pg=PA18 p.18].</ref><ref>Cohen, Michael J. Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917-1948. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2014. [https://books.google.com/books?id=DLPpAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA388 p.388]</ref><ref>Rosen, David M.. Armies of the Young: Child Soldiers in War and Terrorism. United Kingdom: Rutgers University Press, 2005. [https://books.google.com/books?id=zQYQ0tho6mAC&pg=PA107 p.107]</ref><ref>Gunitsky, Seva. Aftershocks: Great Powers and Domestic Reforms in the Twentieth Century. United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=o2-YDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132 p.132].</ref>

After some time of hate agitation helped by Dr. [[Fritz Grobba]], worsned by the Palestine [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem|Mufti]] in Iraq since October 1937, with two other Palestine Arabs, teacher [[Darwish Al-Miqdadi]] [درويش المقدادي] (1891-1961) and Nablus born [[Akram Zuaiter]] [أكرم زعيتر אכרם זועיתר] (1909-1996), on June 1-2 1941, the 'Farhud' pogrom was carried out by al-Muthanna club, Futuwwa, army officers and mob, with extraordinary brutality of throwing babies into the warer in front of parents. mass rape in front of the men before torturing and murdering, etc.

After some time of hate agitation helped by Dr. [[Fritz Grobba]], worsned by the Palestine [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem|Mufti]] in Iraq since October 1937, with two other Palestine Arabs, teacher [[Darwish Al-Miqdadi]] [درويش المقدادي] (1891-1961) and Nablus born [[Akram Zuaiter]] [أكرم زعيتر אכרם זועיתר] (1909-1996), on June 1-2 1941, the 'Farhud' pogrom was carried out by al-Muthanna club, Futuwwa, army officers and mob, with extraordinary brutality of throwing babies into the warer in front of parents. mass rape in front of the men before torturing and murdering, etc.

Sabawi played a major role in the Farhoud pogrom and planed an even greater massacre.

Sabawi played a major role in the Farhoud pogrom and planed an even greater massacre.

Yunis A. Sabawi invited the head of the Jewish community in Baghdad to him and demanded that he tell the Jews not to leave their homes for the three days: Saturday, Sunday and Monday, which are the two days of Shavuot.  That morning, Yunis sent a call to the masses through the broadcasting service, to carry out a massacre of the Jews;  However, this call was delayed by the head of the security committee, who was able to ban Yunis A. Sabaoui and transport him across the border.<ref>Ben-Jacob, Abraham. A history of the Jews in Iraq : From the end of the Gaonic period [1038 C.e.] to the present time [Yehudei Bavel: mi-sof tkufat ha-ge'onim 'ad yamenu : 1038-1960]. Israel: Kiryat Sefer, 1979. [https://books.google.com/books?id=jwBXAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9A+%D7%98%D7%91%D7%97%22 pp.249-52].

Yunis A. Sabawi invited the head of the Jewish community in Baghdad to him and demanded that he tell the Jews not to leave their homes for the three days: Saturday, Sunday and Monday, which are the two days of Shavuot.  That morning, Yunis sent a call to the masses through the broadcasting service, to carry out a massacre of the Jews;  However, this call was delayed by the head of the security committee, who was able to ban Yunis A. Sabawi and transport him across the border.<ref>Ben-Jacob, Abraham. A history of the Jews in Iraq : From the end of the Gaonic period [1038 C.e.] to the present time [Yehudei Bavel: mi-sof tkufat ha-ge'onim 'ad yamenu : 1038-1960]. Israel: Kiryat Sefer, 1979. [https://books.google.com/books?id=jwBXAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9A+%D7%98%D7%91%D7%97%22 pp.249-52].

<blockquote><font size=1>

<blockquote><font size=1>

In the year 5696 (c. 1936), the riots broke out in the Land of Israel. Every minor agitation and every exaggerated news that reached Iraq by the Arab newspapers from the Land of Israel made wings to the detriment of the Jews there. From the day the riots began in Israel, Iraqi Jews avoided walking in the streets in the evening, even in the Jewish neighborhoods.  Every Jewish institution and Jewish club was seen by the Arabs as "Zionist" and therefore it was permissible to burn and destroy it.  The war against Zionism was officially waged.

In the year 5696 (c. 1936), the riots broke out in the Land of Israel. Every minor agitation and every exaggerated news that reached Iraq by the Arab newspapers from the Land of Israel made wings to the detriment of the Jews there. From the day the riots began in Israel, Iraqi Jews avoided walking in the streets in the evening, even in the Jewish neighborhoods.  Every Jewish institution and Jewish club was seen by the Arabs as "Zionist" and therefore it was permissible to burn and destroy it.  The war against Zionism was officially waged.