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→Georgian Republic
===Georgian Republic===
===Georgian Republic===
In 1989, after [[Soviet]] troops moved into [[Tbilisi]] to crack down on protests and killed at least 20 people,<ref>https://www.rferl.org/a/georgia-soviet-demonstrations/25324233.html</ref> Gorbachev was awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for his efforts to preserve [[communism]] in what was then an [[slavery|enslaved]] Republic of the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/ Nobel Peace Prize]</ref>
In 1989, after [[Soviet]] troops moved into [[Tbilisi]] to crack down on protests and killed at least 20 people,<ref>https://www.rferl.org/a/georgia-soviet-demonstrations/25324233.html</ref> Gorbachev was awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for his efforts to preserve [[communism]] in what was then an [[slavery|enslaved]] Republic of the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/ Nobel Peace Prize]</ref>
===End of single party rule===
Under ''glasnost'' and ''perestroika'' the political activity of the population grew, and the meetings of the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, which started in May 1989, were watched by the entire Soviet Union. No effective solutions were developed, and 'people power' turned into cheap [[populism]].
In March 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR abolished the 6th Article of the Constitution on the leading and guiding role of the [[CPSU]]. Thus, the [[one-party system]] in the country was eliminated.
By this time the country was in a deep political and economic crisis.
[[Image:Bush and Gorbachev sign agreements.jpg|thumb|300px|Left|Gorbachev (left) signs agreement with President G.H.W. Bush]]
[[Image:Bush and Gorbachev sign agreements.jpg|thumb|300px|Left|Gorbachev (left) signs agreement with President G.H.W. Bush]]
===Putsch===
===Putsch===
After surviving the unsuccessful August Coup of 1991, and following subsequent referendums in the constituent Soviet republics seeking independence, Gorbachev was forced to resign office on December 25, 1991. The Soviet Union was dissolved the following day. Although still thought of fondly in the West, Gorbachev did not maintain his popularity at home. After his "retirement" he was forced to live on a pension that deteriorated quickly in value as the Russian currency collapsed in the post-Communist era.
After surviving the unsuccessful August Coup of 1991, and following subsequent referendums in the constituent Soviet republics seeking independence, Gorbachev was forced to resign office on December 25, 1991. The Soviet Union was dissolved the following day. Although still thought of fondly in the West, Gorbachev did not maintain his popularity at home. After his "retirement" he was forced to live on a pension that deteriorated quickly in value as the Russian currency collapsed in the post-Communist era.