Changes

'''Hospital antitrust''' concerns the many precedents relating to [[antitrust]] challenges to [[hospital]] [[monopoly|monopolization]].  Leading precedents include:

'''Hospital antitrust''' concerns the many precedents relating to [[antitrust]] challenges to [[hospital]] [[monopoly|monopolization]].  Leading precedents include the following 18 decisions, of which many were on motions for [[summary judgment]]):

''Am. Chiropractic v. Trigon Healthcare'', 367 F.3d 212, 224 (4th Cir. 2004) ("medical doctors, in their role as members of the peer review committee, had a unity of interest with the hospital: ensuring patient care. We believe that ''Oksanen'''s reasoning is not only instructive but persuasive here.").

''Am. Chiropractic v. Trigon Healthcare'', 367 F.3d 212, 217-18, 224 (4th Cir. 2004) (the lawsuit asserted "that Trigon and the medical doctors and associations were engaged in a conspiracy that used Trigon's reimbursement policies and treatment guidelines to limit severely the flow of insurance dollars to chiropractors and steer those monies toward medical doctors. Trigon argues that no conspiracy exists, and that it implemented its coverage policies unilaterally based on market supply and demand. The district court agreed with Trigon, dismissing two counts of the complaint for failure to state a claim and disposing of the remaining counts by granting Trigon's motion for summary judgment. Although we apply different reasoning than the district court in some areas, we affirm its disposition of the case in favor of Trigon. ... [M]edical doctors, in their role as members of the peer review committee, had a unity of interest with the hospital: ensuring patient care. We believe that ''Oksanen'''s reasoning is not only instructive but persuasive here.").

''[[American Needle v. NFL]]'', 560 U.S. 183 (2010) ([[Sherman Act]] ban applies when a conspiracy “joins together independent centers of decision making”)

''[[American Needle v. NFL]]'', 560 U.S. 183 (2010) ([[Sherman Act]] ban applies when a conspiracy “joins together independent centers of decision making”)