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In April 1873, the paramilitary leagues of black Republican William Ward and Democratic white supremacist [[Christopher Columbus Nash]] clashed at Colfax, Louisiana, the county seat of Grant Parish.<ref>Chernow, Ron (2017). "Grant," pp. 758–59.</ref> Swarmed blacks, pleading for surrender, were viciously massacred in what since was known as the Colfax Massacre. White supremacist violence was accompanied with election fraud, embodied the subsequent year when Democrats seized control of the state legislature during the 1874 midterms amidst intense mob violence. General Sheridan, aligning with President [[Ulysses S. Grant]]'s hard line against insurrectionist Democrats, called for Grant to declare the White League "banditti" and to suspend the writ of ''habeas corpus'' to crush the terrorist group,<ref name=grant,pp.791-92>"Grant," pp. 791–92.</ref> following the military removal of five newly seated "Conservative" (Democratic/Liberal-aligned) representatives from the lower body of the legislature.

In April 1873, the paramilitary leagues of black Republican William Ward and Democratic white supremacist [[Christopher Columbus Nash]] clashed at Colfax, Louisiana, the county seat of Grant Parish.<ref>Chernow, Ron (2017). "Grant," pp. 758–59.</ref> Swarmed blacks, pleading for surrender, were viciously massacred in what since was known as the Colfax Massacre. White supremacist violence was accompanied with election fraud, embodied the subsequent year when Democrats seized control of the state legislature during the 1874 midterms amidst intense mob violence. General Sheridan, aligning with President [[Ulysses S. Grant]]'s hard line against insurrectionist Democrats, called for Grant to declare the White League "banditti" and to suspend the writ of ''habeas corpus'' to crush the terrorist group,<ref name=grant,pp.791-92>"Grant," pp. 791–92.</ref> following the military removal of five newly seated "Conservative" (Democratic/Liberal-aligned) representatives from the lower body of the legislature.

The majority of Northerners, growing discontent with [[Radical Republican]]ism, viewed the move and Sheridan's remark with abhorrence as a result of their increasingly racist sentiments. Prominent newspapers (including Republican-affiliated ones), such as the ''New York World'' and ''The Nation'', denounced Grant's move as a violation of sovereignty, and Southerners hurled death threats against the Grant family.<ref name=grant,pp.791-92/> Sheridan's remarks, exemplifying farsighted righteous anger levied against Democratic white supremacist terrorists, became seized upon by anti-Reconstruction forces, whose political agenda soon overthrew "Grantism."

The majority of Northerners, growing discontent with [[Radical Republican]]ism, viewed the move and Sheridan's remark with abhorrence as a result of their increasingly racist sentiments. Prominent newspapers (including Republican-affiliated ones), such as the ''New York World'' and ''The Nation'', denounced Grant's move as a violation of sovereignty, and Southerners hurled death threats against the Grant family.<ref name=grant,pp.791-92/> Sheridan's remarks, exemplifying farsighted righteous anger levied against Democratic white supremacist terrorists, became seized upon by anti-Reconstruction forces, whose political agenda eventually overthrew "Grantism."

==References==

==References==