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'''Nimrod''', also know as '''Ninus'''<ref>[[Ctesias]], ''Persica''</ref><ref>[[Marcus Junianus Justinus Frontinus|Justin]], ''History of the World'',1.1</ref>, founder of the city of [[Babylon]],<ref>Genesis 10:10</ref> was the first recorded king of both history and the Assyrians<ref>[[Eusebius]], ''Chronogrophy'', p.28</ref><ref>[[Diodorus]], ''Bibliotheca Historica'', 2.1.4 (quoting [[Ctesias]] ''Persica'')</ref><ref>Justin, ''History of the World'',1.1</ref> allegedly reigned for 52 years<ref>[[Eusebius]], ''Chronogrophy'', p.29</ref>.  It was he who was the first to form men into armies, practice military arts and form an empire by subjugation.<ref>Justin, ''History of the World'',1.1</ref> He was also the inventor of a system of governmental law<ref>Justin, ''History of the World'',1.1</ref>, currency & taxes<ref>[[Josephus]], ''Antiquities of the Jews''</ref><ref>[[Diodorus]], ''Bibliotheca Historica'', 2.1.7 (quoting [[Ctesias]] ''Persica'')</ref>.  He was the son of Cush, who was the son of Ham, who was the son of the legendary [[Noah]]<ref>Genesis 10:8</ref>.

'''Nimrod''', also know as '''Ninus'''<ref>[[Ctesias]], ''Persica''</ref><ref>[[Marcus Junianus Justinus Frontinus|Justin]], ''History of the World'',1.1</ref>, is noted as the founder of the city of [[Babylon]]<ref>Genesis 10:10</ref> and as the first recorded king of the Assyrians<ref>[[Eusebius]], ''Chronogrophy'', p.28</ref><ref>[[Diodorus]], ''Bibliotheca Historica'', 2.1.4 (quoting [[Ctesias]] ''Persica'')</ref><ref>Justin, ''History of the World'',1.1</ref> whose "kingdom" engulfed [[Babel]], Erech, Accad, and Calneh and the land of Sinar<ref>Genesis 10:10</ref>, over which he allegedly reigned for 52 years. This expanse was otherwise known as the land of Nimrod.<ref name="JE">Jewish Encyclopedia's article on Nimrod</ref><ref>[[Eusebius]], ''Chronogrophy'', p.29</ref>.  It was he who was the first to form men into armies, practice military arts and form an empire by subjugation.<ref>Justin, ''History of the World'',1.1</ref> He was also the inventor of a system of governmental law<ref>Justin, ''History of the World'',1.1</ref>, currency & taxes<ref>[[Josephus]], ''Antiquities of the Jews''</ref><ref>[[Diodorus]], ''Bibliotheca Historica'', 2.1.7 (quoting [[Ctesias]] ''Persica'')</ref>.

[[Nimrod]]'s name has become proverbial as that of a mighty hunter<ref>Genesis 10:9</ref>. His "kingdom" comprised [[Babel]], Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Sinar,<ref>Genesis 10:10</ref> otherwise known as the land of Nimrod.<ref name="JE">Jewish Encyclopedia's article on Nimrod</ref> He plays a significant role in rabbinic literature<ref name="JE"/> and the religion of [[Freemasonry]].

As a Cushite, his father [[Cush]] was the son of [[Ham]], who was the son of the legendary [[Noah]]<ref>Genesis 10:8</ref>.  As such he is only the second generation born after the flood.  His son was Ninyas and his wife was Semiramis.<ref>Ninyas & Semiramis, as per Justin's History of the World, 1.1</ref>

==Nimrod in Rabbinic Literature==

 

Nimrod plays a significant role in rabbinic literature<ref name="JE"/> and the religion of [[Freemasonry]].

 

 

 

 

=Nimrod as seen by different sources=

 

 

 

 

 

==in the Rabbinic Literature==

Nimrod is considered the prototype of a rebellious people, his name being interpreted as "he who made all the people rebellious against God"<ref name="JE"/> He is identified with [[Cush]] and with [[Amraphel]], the name of the latter being interpreted as "he whose words are dark".<ref name="JE"/> As he was the first hunter he was consequently the first who introduced the eating of meat by man.<ref name="JE"/> He was also the first to make [[war]] on other peoples.<ref name="JE"/>

Nimrod is considered the prototype of a rebellious people, his name being interpreted as "he who made all the people rebellious against God"<ref name="JE"/> He is identified with [[Cush]] and with [[Amraphel]], the name of the latter being interpreted as "he whose words are dark".<ref name="JE"/> As he was the first hunter he was consequently the first who introduced the eating of meat by man.<ref name="JE"/> He was also the first to make [[war]] on other peoples.<ref name="JE"/>

Nimrod is generally considered to have been the one who suggested building the [[Tower of Babel]] and who directed its construction.<ref name=JE/> According to the [[Talmud]], God said: "I made Nimrod great; but he built a tower in order that he might rebel against Me".<ref name=JE/> The tower is called by the Rabbis "the house of Nimrod," and is considered as a house of idolatry which the owners abandoned in time of peace; consequently Jews may make use of it.<ref name=JE/> After the builders of the tower were dispersed Nimrod remained in [[Shinar]], where he reestablished his kingdom.<ref name=JE/> According to the "Sefer ha-Yashar", he at this time acquired the name "[[Amraphel]]" in allusion to the fall of his princes during the dispersion.<ref name=JE/> According to the Targum of pseudo-Jonathan, however, Nimrod had left Babylonia before the building of the tower, and had gone to Assyria, where he built four other cities, namely, [[Nineveh]], Rehobot, Calah, and Resen.<ref name=JE/>

Nimrod is generally considered to have been the one who suggested building the [[Tower of Babel]] and who directed its construction.<ref name=JE/> According to the [[Talmud]], God said: "I made Nimrod great; but he built a tower in order that he might rebel against Me".<ref name=JE/> The tower is called by the Rabbis "the house of Nimrod," and is considered as a house of idolatry which the owners abandoned in time of peace; consequently Jews may make use of it.<ref name=JE/> After the builders of the tower were dispersed Nimrod remained in [[Shinar]], where he reestablished his kingdom.<ref name=JE/> According to the "Sefer ha-Yashar", he at this time acquired the name "[[Amraphel]]" in allusion to the fall of his princes during the dispersion.<ref name=JE/> According to the Targum of pseudo-Jonathan, however, Nimrod had left Babylonia before the building of the tower, and had gone to Assyria, where he built four other cities, namely, [[Nineveh]], Rehobot, Calah, and Resen.<ref name=JE/>

==Nimrod in Islamic Literature==

==in Islamic Literature==

By the [[Muslims]] Nimrod is considered as the supreme example of the tyrant ("al-jabbar"). There is some confusion among Arabian [[historians]] as to Nimrod's [[genealogy]]. According to one authority he was the son of Mash the son of Aram, and consequently a Semite; he built the Tower of Babel and also a bridge over the [[Euphrates]], and reigned five hundred years over the Nabatæans, his kinsmen. But the general opinion is that he was a Hamite, son of Canaan the son of Cush, or son of Cush the son of Canaan (Tabari gives both); that he was born at the time of Reu, and was the first to establish [[fire-worship]]. Another legend is to the effect that there were two Nimrods: the first was the son of Cush; the second was the well-known tyrant and contemporary of Abraham; he was the son of Canaan and therefore a great-grandson of the first Nimrod. According to Mas'udi, Nimrod was the first Babylonian king, and during a reign of sixty years he dug many canals in [[Iraq]].

By the [[Muslims]] Nimrod is considered as the supreme example of the tyrant ("al-jabbar"). There is some confusion among Arabian [[historians]] as to Nimrod's [[genealogy]]. According to one authority he was the son of Mash the son of Aram, and consequently a Semite; he built the Tower of Babel and also a bridge over the [[Euphrates]], and reigned five hundred years over the Nabatæans, his kinsmen. But the general opinion is that he was a Hamite, son of Canaan the son of Cush, or son of Cush the son of Canaan (Tabari gives both); that he was born at the time of Reu, and was the first to establish [[fire-worship]]. Another legend is to the effect that there were two Nimrods: the first was the son of Cush; the second was the well-known tyrant and contemporary of Abraham; he was the son of Canaan and therefore a great-grandson of the first Nimrod. According to Mas'udi, Nimrod was the first Babylonian king, and during a reign of sixty years he dug many canals in [[Iraq]].

==References==

=References=

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{{DivineComedy}}

{{DivineComedy}}

[[Category:Biblical Persons]]

[[Category:Biblical Persons]]