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American historian and former Under Secretary of the Air Force  Townsend Hoopes and Rice University history professor Douglas Brinkley confirm:

American historian and former Under Secretary of the Air Force  Townsend Hoopes and Rice University history professor Douglas Brinkley confirm:

[[File:UKR Stetsko-Yaroslav-george-h-w-bush 68.jpg|Nazi era and later Gehlen Organization OUN leaser Yaroslav Stetsko with former CIA chief and Vice President George W. Bush.<ref> http://www.a-w-i-p.com/index.php/2014/04/01/seven-decades-of-nazi-collaboration</ref>]]

[[File:UKR Stetsko-Yaroslav-george-h-w-bush 68.jpg|right|350px|thumb|Nazi era and later Gehlen Organization OUN leaser Yaroslav Stetsko with former CIA chief and Vice President George W. Bush.<ref> http://www.a-w-i-p.com/index.php/2014/04/01/seven-decades-of-nazi-collaboration</ref>]]

{{quotebox-float|One group that particularly attracted CIA attention and support was the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), a political-military underground movement that had long fought for Ukrainian independence—first against the Poles in the 1920s when Poland controlled the Ukraine and after 1939 against the Soviets. ‘Though violently anti-Russian, the OUN was itself totalitarian and Fascist in character. as well as anti-Semitic. The Nazis poured money into the OUN after the German invasion of Russia and pretended to support the goal of Ukrainian national independence. In return, a large OUN militia, code-named Nachtigall, or Nightingale, provided local administrators, informers, and killers for the German invaders. Nazi-sponsored OUN police and militia formations were involved in “thousands of instances of [[mass murder]]s of Jews and of families suspected of aiding [[Red Army]] [[partisan]]s.”<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=lNzdwQOl8g0C&pg=PT279&lpg=PT279&dq=nightingale+forrestal+ukraine&source=bl&ots=UAWR1ceIV7&sig=sahFMpzYMG-4ZA9wGJ2LwrTS0dc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NxNnU86cGY_eoASAvYCgBg#v=onepage&q=nightingale%20forrestal%20ukraine&f=false]</ref>}}

{{quotebox-float|One group that particularly attracted CIA attention and support was the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), a political-military underground movement that had long fought for Ukrainian independence—first against the Poles in the 1920s when Poland controlled the Ukraine and after 1939 against the Soviets. ‘Though violently anti-Russian, the OUN was itself totalitarian and Fascist in character. as well as anti-Semitic. The Nazis poured money into the OUN after the German invasion of Russia and pretended to support the goal of Ukrainian national independence. In return, a large OUN militia, code-named Nachtigall, or Nightingale, provided local administrators, informers, and killers for the German invaders. Nazi-sponsored OUN police and militia formations were involved in “thousands of instances of [[mass murder]]s of Jews and of families suspected of aiding [[Red Army]] [[partisan]]s.”<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=lNzdwQOl8g0C&pg=PT279&lpg=PT279&dq=nightingale+forrestal+ukraine&source=bl&ots=UAWR1ceIV7&sig=sahFMpzYMG-4ZA9wGJ2LwrTS0dc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NxNnU86cGY_eoASAvYCgBg#v=onepage&q=nightingale%20forrestal%20ukraine&f=false]</ref>}}