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| | The final words in many manuscripts of Mark 16:8 are “ἐφοβοῦντο γάρ,” meaning “for they were afraid.” But it is implausible that the bold [[Gospel of Mark]] originally ended that way. Most scholars have recognized that implausibility, but rather than remove this implausible ending they instead use it to argue for inclusion of another unlikely ending, Mark 16:9-20, which is not even in the earliest manuscripts of [[Codex Sinaiticus]] and [[Codex Vaticanus]]. | | The final words in many manuscripts of Mark 16:8 are “ἐφοβοῦντο γάρ,” meaning “for they were afraid.” But it is implausible that the bold [[Gospel of Mark]] originally ended that way. Most scholars have recognized that implausibility, but rather than remove this implausible ending they instead use it to argue for inclusion of another unlikely ending, Mark 16:9-20, which is not even in the earliest manuscripts of [[Codex Sinaiticus]] and [[Codex Vaticanus]]. |
| − | == Flawed, never-used-elsewhere grammar == | + | |
| | + | == Greek syntax of the last word of 16:8 disproves its authenticity == |
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| | + | The last word in the reported verse 16:8 is "γάρ", which is a post-positive term in Greek such that it is usually the second word in a sentence. "γάρ" is a conjunction meaning "for" or "since", with the reason to follow. It is exceedingly unlikely that the word "γάρ" would be the last word in a book. |
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| | + | == Flawed, never-used-elsewhere Greek grammar == |
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| | The Greek grammar for Mark 16:8b is flawed: "to no one nothing they spoke,"<ref>https://biblehub.com/text/mark/16-8.htm</ref> which reinforces the likelihood that this phrase was a later, non-authentic addition. In Greek the phrase is a nonsensical "οὐδενὶ οὐδὲν," both of which are variations on "nothing" in successful. Neither Mark nor any other biblical author uses that phrase anywhere else, and it is unlikely to have been written by anyone knowledgeable of Greek. It is impossible to translate coherently.<ref>https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/75642/does-the-phrase-%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BD%E1%BD%B6-%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%B4%E1%BD%B2%CE%BD-%CE%B5%E1%BC%B6%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD-in-mark-168-mean-that-the-women-could-not</ref> | | The Greek grammar for Mark 16:8b is flawed: "to no one nothing they spoke,"<ref>https://biblehub.com/text/mark/16-8.htm</ref> which reinforces the likelihood that this phrase was a later, non-authentic addition. In Greek the phrase is a nonsensical "οὐδενὶ οὐδὲν," both of which are variations on "nothing" in successful. Neither Mark nor any other biblical author uses that phrase anywhere else, and it is unlikely to have been written by anyone knowledgeable of Greek. It is impossible to translate coherently.<ref>https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/75642/does-the-phrase-%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BD%E1%BD%B6-%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%B4%E1%BD%B2%CE%BD-%CE%B5%E1%BC%B6%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD-in-mark-168-mean-that-the-women-could-not</ref> |
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| | Similarly, many scholars argue that the last two words in Mark 16:8 are areἐφοβοῦντο γάρ (“for they were afraid”),<ref>https://rsc.byu.edu/king-james-bible-restoration/endings-mark-revelation</ref> but that is merely because that is the ending of that verse in both the [[Codex Sinaiticus]] and the [[Codex Vaticanus]].<ref>https://www.thetextofthegospels.com/2016/04/codex-vaticanus-and-ending-of-mark.html</ref> There are no other early manuscripts of the [[Gospel of Mark]] to check this against. As explained in the next section, this is a highly unlikely Greek syntax with which to end a book. | | Similarly, many scholars argue that the last two words in Mark 16:8 are areἐφοβοῦντο γάρ (“for they were afraid”),<ref>https://rsc.byu.edu/king-james-bible-restoration/endings-mark-revelation</ref> but that is merely because that is the ending of that verse in both the [[Codex Sinaiticus]] and the [[Codex Vaticanus]].<ref>https://www.thetextofthegospels.com/2016/04/codex-vaticanus-and-ending-of-mark.html</ref> There are no other early manuscripts of the [[Gospel of Mark]] to check this against. As explained in the next section, this is a highly unlikely Greek syntax with which to end a book. |
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| − | == Greek syntax disproves the full 16:8 ==
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| − | The last word in the reported verse 16:8 is "γάρ", which is a post-positive term in Greek such that it is usually the second word in a sentence. "γάρ" is a conjunction meaning "for" or "since", with the reason to follow. It is exceedingly unlikely that the word "γάρ" would be the last word in a book.
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| | == Other analysis == | | == Other analysis == |