Changes

Shortridge's parliamentary skills proved unable to overcome that of Democratic opponents Harrison and Oscar W. Underwood of Alabama.<ref name=greenidge/> In the [[lame duck session]], Shortridge tried taking up the bill once again November 27 at the urging of James Weldon Johnson during a special session of Congress called by Harding for the purpose of approving subsidies benefiting the overseas shipping industry;<ref name=blackleaderstwentiethcentury,p.98/> he faced a prepared Democratic filibuster led by Sen. Harrison and later described by a correspondent of the ''New York Tribune'' as "the most effective [old timers] have seen in years."<ref name=tarbert/> Amidst a deadlock the following day, the Republican caucus affirmed to continue fighting on behalf of the Bill, though Southern Democrats were more forceful in their determination to see its defeat, vowing to let the filibuster sustain until the end of the lame duck session.<ref name=tarbert/>

Shortridge's parliamentary skills proved unable to overcome that of Democratic opponents Harrison and Oscar W. Underwood of Alabama.<ref name=greenidge/> In the [[lame duck session]], Shortridge tried taking up the bill once again November 27 at the urging of James Weldon Johnson during a special session of Congress called by Harding for the purpose of approving subsidies benefiting the overseas shipping industry;<ref name=blackleaderstwentiethcentury,p.98/> he faced a prepared Democratic filibuster led by Sen. Harrison and later described by a correspondent of the ''New York Tribune'' as "the most effective [old timers] have seen in years."<ref name=tarbert/> Amidst a deadlock the following day, the Republican caucus affirmed to continue fighting on behalf of the Bill, though Southern Democrats were more forceful in their determination to see its defeat, vowing to let the filibuster sustain until the end of the lame duck session.<ref name=tarbert/>

Democratic threats to block any Senate business until the Dyer Bill was withdrawn—consistent with their history of parliamentary tactics—caused the lukewarm Republicans, who did not place anti-lynching legislation as their top priority, to abandon the fight.<ref>"Peaceful Revolution," p. 96.</ref> On December 2, the Senate Republican caucus agreed to surrender the battle; two days later, Lodge, along with Republican colleague James Eli Watson of Indiana,<ref=blackleaderstwentiethcentury,p.99>"Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century," p. 99.</ref> acquiesced to Harrison, who demanded the GOP to avoid bringing up the Dyer Bill in the subsequent congressional session.<ref name=tarbert/>

Democratic threats to block any Senate business until the Dyer Bill was withdrawn—consistent with their history of parliamentary tactics—caused the lukewarm Republicans, who did not place anti-lynching legislation as their top priority, to abandon the fight.<ref>"Peaceful Revolution," p. 96.</ref> On December 2, the Senate Republican caucus agreed to surrender the battle; two days later, Lodge, along with Republican colleague James Eli Watson of Indiana,<ref name=blackleaderstwentiethcentury,p.99>"Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century," p. 99.</ref> acquiesced to Harrison, who demanded the GOP to avoid bringing up the Dyer Bill in the subsequent congressional session.<ref name=tarbert/>

==Aftermath==

==Aftermath==