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Line 46: − + + + + + + + + + + + − In 1934, Bilbo ran for United States Senate and denied the renomination of incumbent Democratic senator, Hubert D. Stephens, who was regarded as relatively more conservative.<ref name=fleegler,pp.7-8>Fleegler, Robert L. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220310171829/https://www.mississippihistory.org/sites/default/files/bilbo.pdf Theodore G. Bilbo and the Decline of Public Racism, 1938–1947], pp. 7–8. ''Internet Archive''. Retrieved December 18, 2022.</ref> In the primary, Bilbo garnered his usual support from the economically poor "hills" as opposed to the pro-[[Bourbon Democrat|Bourbon]] Delta region. His virulent campaign rife with attacks against Wall Street were noticed and reported on by ''[[The New York Times]]'', and was compared to Louisiana demagogic [[Huey Long]].+
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{{Officeholder
{{Officeholder
|name=Theodore Gilmore Bilbo
|name=Theodore G. Bilbo
|image=Bilbo.png
|image=Bilbo.png
|party=[[Democrat]]
|party=[[Democrat]]
}}
}}
'''Theodore Gilmore Bilbo''' (October 13, 1877 – August 21, 1947) was a [[Democrat]]ic [[Klansman]] from [[Mississippi]] who served as a governor of the state from 1916 to 1920 and 1928 to 1932, and as a U.S. senator from 1935 to 1947. A towering ''de facto'' leader among [[white supremacist]] circles, he was infamous for praising [[Nazi]] racial philosophy and known for extreme inflammatory rhetoric.
'''Theodore Gilmore Bilbo, Sr.''' (October 13, 1877 – August 21, 1947), known as "The Man,"<ref name=msencyclopediabio>Sansing, David G. (July 10, 2017). [https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/theodore-gilmore-bilbo/ Theodore Gilmore Bilbo]. ''Mississippi Encyclopedia''. Retrieved June 16, 2023.</ref> was a [[Democrat]]ic [[Klansman]] from [[Mississippi]] who served as a governor of the state from 1916 to 1920 and 1928 to 1932, and as a U.S. senator from 1935 to 1947. A towering ''de facto'' leader among [[white supremacist]] circles, he was infamous for praising [[Nazi]] racial philosophy and known for extreme inflammatory rhetoric.
==Early life and career==
Bilbo was born on October 13, 1877, during the year [[Reconstruction]] ended, in Juniper Grove, Mississippi.<ref name=msencyclopediabio/> At the age of fifteen, he enrolled in public schools and graduated four years later, subsequently entering a career of teaching briefly. He attended Peabody College and Vanderbilt Law School though graduated from neither institution.<ref name=msencyclopediabio/>
In 1903, Bilbo ran for a circuit clerk position though lost to a "one-armed Confederate veteran."<ref name=msencyclopediabio/> He later was elected a state senator, serving from 1908 to 1912.
==Return to the governorship==
At the inaugural address of his second, nonconsecutive gubernatorial term, Bilbo announced the relocation of the [[University of Mississippi]] from Oxford to the state's capital, [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]].<ref name=msencyclopediabio/>
Bilbo's totalitarian handling of the state's education system sparked controversy; his proposals included establishing the position of a commissioner of higher education and "thorough reorganization," which upon their defeat, resulted in the dismissal of college presidents and faculty members by the college board at his behest.<ref name=msencyclopediabio/> As a result, the accreditation of Mississippi's colleges were revoked by a number of agencies for a span of two years.
==U.S. Senate==
==U.S. Senate==
Bilbo unsuccessfully ran for the [[U.S. House of Representatives] in 1932,<ref name=msencyclopediabio/><ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=483060 MS – District 07 Race – Nov 08, 1932]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved June 16, 2023.</ref> though two years later sought a U.S. Senate seat and denied the renomination of the more conservative incumbent Democratic senator Hubert D. Stephens, proceeding to victory in the general election.<ref name=fleegler,pp.7-8>Fleegler, Robert L. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220310171829/https://www.mississippihistory.org/sites/default/files/bilbo.pdf Theodore G. Bilbo and the Decline of Public Racism, 1938–1947], pp. 7–8. ''Internet Archive''. Retrieved December 18, 2022.</ref> In the primary, Bilbo garnered his usual support from the economically poor "hills" as opposed to the pro-[[Bourbon Democrat|Bourbon]] Delta region. His virulent campaign rife with attacks against Wall Street were noticed and reported on by ''[[The New York Times]]'', and was compared to Louisiana demagogic [[Huey Long]].
===1930s: hardline New Deal politics, diatribes against anti-lynching legislation===
===1930s: hardline New Deal politics, diatribes against anti-lynching legislation===