| − | The concept of '''Mitteleuropa''' was used by Friedrich Naumann (1860–1919, [[evangelical]] [[theologian]]-[[politician]]) in one of the first detailed explanations of this term. According to Naumann, a cooperative [[economic]] and [[cultural]] unity between [[Second Reich|Germany]]-[[Austria-Hungary]] and [[Second Republic of Poland|Poland]] would be established, along with close [[commercial]] ties with the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]] and [[Balkans]].<ref>See fn 8, p. 57 in chapter: "German expansionism and [[anti-Russian]] ''émigré'' intellectuals: the case of Paul Rohrbach", Demirtas, Melih. (2021). ''Two sides of the coin: "Asiatic other" Russians vs. "supreme European" Germans.'' Cappadocia Journal of Area Studies (CJAS), Cappadocia University. 3. 43-62. 10.38154/cjas.0. [https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1838509]</ref> | + | The concept of '''Mitteleuropa''' was used by Friedrich Naumann (1860–1919, [[evangelical]] [[theologian]]-[[politician]]) in one of the first detailed explanations of this term. According to Naumann, a cooperative [[economic]] and [[cultural]] unity between [[Second Reich|Germany]]-[[Austria-Hungary]] and [[Second Republic of Poland|Poland]] would be established, along with close [[commercial]] ties with the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]] and [[Balkans]].<ref>See fn 8, p. 57 in chapter: "German expansionism and [[anti-Russian]] ''émigré'' intellectuals: the case of Paul Rohrbach". Demirtas, Melih. (2021). ''Two sides of the coin: "Asiatic other" Russians vs. "supreme European" Germans.'' Cappadocia Journal of Area Studies (CJAS), Cappadocia University. 3. 43-62. 10.38154/cjas.0. [https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1838509]</ref> |