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Eastern part of the [[Roman Empire]], survived until the [[Middle Ages]].  300-1500 A.D.

 

The Byzantine Empire is the name given to the eastern part of the [[Roman Empire]], which survived until the [[Middle Ages]]. The empire was multi-ethnic and predominantly Greek-speaking. The empire's heritage consisted of [[Eastern Christianity]], Greek philosophy, and Roman law.

 

The empire's history was extremely violent as it was often at war with at least one foreign power.  As a result, its borders fluctuated greatly over time, but it was always centered in [[Constantinople]].  In 1453, the capitol fell to the Turks, who renamed it Istanbul.