Changes

Russia's constitution guarantees free, universal health care for all Russian citizens via a compulsory government health insurance program.<ref>Popovich, L; Potapchik, E; Shishkin, S; Richardson, E; Vacroux, A; Mathivet, B (2011). "[https://www.euro.who.int/en/countries/russian-federation/publications/russian-federation-hit-2011 Russian Federation. Health system review]". Health Systems in Transition. 13 (7): 1–190, xiii–xiv. PMID 22455875.</ref>

[[Russia]]'s constitution guarantees free, universal health care for all Russian citizens via a compulsory government health insurance program.<ref>Popovich, L; Potapchik, E; Shishkin, S; Richardson, E; Vacroux, A; Mathivet, B (2011). "[https://www.euro.who.int/en/countries/russian-federation/publications/russian-federation-hit-2011 Russian Federation. Health system review]". Health Systems in Transition. 13 (7): 1–190, xiii–xiv. PMID 22455875.</ref>

== State of Russian healthcare system and state of public health in Russia ==

== State of Russian healthcare system and state of public health in Russia ==

The 2021 Health Care Index lists [[Russia]]’s healthcare system as being 58th best out of 89 countries - with a very low score for quality of infrastructure.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230209015519/https://www.internationalinsurance.com/health/systems/russia.php Understanding Russia’s Healthcare System]</ref> A Bloomberg report ranks Russian healthcare last out of 55 developed countries based on the efficiency of state healthcare systems.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230209015519/https://www.internationalinsurance.com/health/systems/russia.php Understanding Russia’s Healthcare System]</ref>

The 2021 Health Care Index lists Russia’s healthcare system as being 58th best out of 89 countries - with a very low score for quality of infrastructure.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230209015519/https://www.internationalinsurance.com/health/systems/russia.php Understanding Russia’s Healthcare System]</ref> A Bloomberg report ranks Russian healthcare last out of 55 developed countries based on the efficiency of state healthcare systems.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230209015519/https://www.internationalinsurance.com/health/systems/russia.php Understanding Russia’s Healthcare System]</ref>

Adam Gwiazda's article ''Demographic crisis in Russia'' states:

Adam Gwiazda's article ''Demographic crisis in Russia'' states: