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{{discrimlaw}}

The so-called '''Equal Rights Amendment''' ('''ERA''') was a proposed amendment to the [[United States Constitution]] passed by Congress in 1972 and sent to the states for ratification within seven years.  It was the subject of an historical miniseries in 2020 entitled ''Mrs. America'', which won ten [[Emmy]] nominations.  On March 5, 2021, a [[District of Columbia|D.C.]] federal judge held that recent ratifications by Nevada, Illinois, and Virginia were after the ratification deadline and thus invalid: these states "ratifications came after both the original and extended deadlines that Congress attached to the ERA, so the Archivist is not bound to record them as valid."<ref>https://ecf.dcd.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_public_doc?2020cv0242-117</ref>  Repeated attempts by [[liberal]]s to revive ERA have failed, including a 51-47 defeat in the [[U.S. Senate]] on April 27, 2023 (60 votes were needed).<ref>https://rollcall.com/2023/04/27/senate-gop-blocks-resolution-nixing-equal-rights-amendment-ratification-deadline/#:~:text=Fifty%2Done%20senators%20voted%20to,in%20a%20speech%20on%20Monday.</ref>

The so-called '''Equal Rights Amendment''' ('''ERA''') was a proposed amendment to the [[United States Constitution]] passed by Congress in 1972 and sent to the states for ratification within seven years.  It was the subject of a historical miniseries in 2020 entitled ''Mrs. America'', which won ten [[Emmy]] nominations.  On March 5, 2021, a [[District of Columbia|D.C.]] federal judge held that recent ratifications by Nevada, Illinois, and Virginia were after the ratification deadline and thus invalid: these states "ratifications came after both the original and extended deadlines that Congress attached to the ERA, so the Archivist is not bound to record them as valid."<ref>https://ecf.dcd.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_public_doc?2020cv0242-117</ref>  Repeated attempts by [[liberal]]s to revive ERA have failed, including a 51-47 defeat in the [[U.S. Senate]] on April 27, 2023 (60 votes were needed).<ref>https://rollcall.com/2023/04/27/senate-gop-blocks-resolution-nixing-equal-rights-amendment-ratification-deadline/#:~:text=Fifty%2Done%20senators%20voted%20to,in%20a%20speech%20on%20Monday.</ref>

ERA was stopped by a [[conservative]] grassroots movement led by [[Phyllis Schlafly]], which raised compelling objections including the following:

ERA was stopped by a [[conservative]] grassroots movement led by [[Phyllis Schlafly]], which raised compelling objections including the following:

:SECTION 3. This amendment shall take effect two years after the date of ratification.

:SECTION 3. This amendment shall take effect two years after the date of ratification.

In 2019, a congresswoman introduced a revised ERA which mentions "women" in one of its clauses.

In 2019, a congresswoman introduced a revised ERA that mentions "women" in one of its clauses.

== Time limit in the resolving clause ==

== Time limit in the resolving clause ==

==Canadian Equivalent==

==Canadian Equivalent==

The Canadian equivalent to the ERA is known as Charter Section 28. It was ratified as a section of the Canadian Constitution in 1982, and came into effect in 1985. Since then, many laws have been invalidated because they were in violation of Charter Section 28.

The Canadian equivalent to the ERA is known as Charter Section 28. It was ratified as a section of the Canadian Constitution in 1982 and came into effect in 1985. Since then, many laws have been invalidated because they violated Charter Section 28.

==State-level ERAs==

==State-level ERAs==

State level ERAs have been enacted in some states, most recently in [[Nevada]] in 2022 by state initiative.  See [[Nevada ERA]].  These laws, however, are not enforced by federal courts.

State-level ERAs have been enacted in some states, most recently in [[Nevada]] in 2022 by state initiative.  See [[Nevada ERA]].  These laws, however, are not enforced by federal courts.

==See also==

==See also==