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Grey Wolves (organization) (view source)
Revision as of 14:53, October 16, 2024
, 14:53, October 16, 2024no edit summary
The '''Grey Wolves''' (Turkish: Bozkurtlar) or by its official name Ülkücüler (The Idealists) or Ülkücü Hareket ("The Idealist Movement") is an extreme right-wing youth organization and the paramilitary wing of the Nationalist Movement Party in Turkey (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP).
The '''Grey Wolves''' (Turkish: Bozkurtlar) or by its official name Ülkücüler (The Idealists) or Ülkücü Hareket ("The Idealist Movement") is an extreme right-wing youth organization and the paramilitary wing of the Nationalist Movement Party in Turkey (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP).
Commonly described as ultranationalist, neo-fascist,<ref>[https://armenianweekly.com/2024/08/06/the-grey-wolves-and-the-role-of-german-intelligence-in-its-establishment/ The Grey Wolves and the role of German intelligence in its establishment]. ''Armenian Weekly'', Aug 6, 2024</ref> [[neo-Nazi]],<ref name=lee/> [[Islam|Islamo]]-nationalist<ref>Hunter, S., Thomas, J. L., Melikishvili, A. (2004).<br> Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security. United Kingdom: M.E. Sharpe,
Commonly described as ultranationalist, neo-fascist,<ref>[https://armenianweekly.com/2024/08/06/the-grey-wolves-and-the-role-of-german-intelligence-in-its-establishment/ The Grey Wolves and the role of German intelligence in its establishment]. ''Armenian Weekly'', Aug 6, 2024</ref> [[neo-Nazi]],<ref name=lee/> [[Islam|Islamo]]-nationalist<ref>(June 30, 2020). "The Grey Wolves conquering Europe", MENA Research.
"The ultra-nationalistic and Islamist Turkish movement „Gry Wolves“ aka „Ülkücü“ were recently covered on the front pages of international newspapers again after days of riots in Austria’s capital Vienna."</ref><ref>(August 19, 2020). "Why Erdogan must expand his ultranationalist alliances". ''Al-Monitor''.</ref> and racist.<ref name=sl>Searchlight. (2007). United Kingdom: Searchlight Publications..
[https://books.google.com/books?id=zbkhAQAAIAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 13].</ref>
[https://books.google.com/books?id=zbkhAQAAIAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 13].</ref>
"Grey Wolves, the right-wing death squad.."</ref><ref>The Dual State: Parapolitics, Carl Schmitt and the National Security Complex. (2016). United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis., [https://books.google.com/books?id=4ezOCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172 p. 172]</ref><ref>I.F. Magazine. (1997). United States: Media Consortium, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TDUhAQAAMAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 38].
"Grey Wolves, the right-wing death squad.."</ref><ref>The Dual State: Parapolitics, Carl Schmitt and the National Security Complex. (2016). United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis., [https://books.google.com/books?id=4ezOCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172 p. 172]</ref><ref>I.F. Magazine. (1997). United States: Media Consortium, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TDUhAQAAMAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 38].
"death squad organizer for a Turkish government dirty war against the Kurds"</ref> and a [[Terrorism|terrorist]] organization.<ref name=lee>Lee, M. A. (2013). The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=sZ_cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA202 p.202]
"death squad organizer for a Turkish government dirty war against the Kurds"</ref> and a [[Terrorism|terrorist]] organization.<ref name=lee>Lee, M. A. (2013). The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=sZ_cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA202 p.202]
"Turkish Grey Wolves, a neo-Nazi terrorist group"...</ref>
"Turkish Grey Wolves, a neo-Nazi terrorist group"...</ref><ref>Rubin, Michael. (September 16, 2021). [https://www.aei.org/op-eds/do-turkeys-grey-wolves-deserve-terrorist-designation/ Do Turkey’s Grey Wolves Deserve Terrorist Designation?]. ''American Enterprise Institute''.
"Rep. Dina Titus (D-Nevada), a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, introduced an amendment to the Fiscal Year 2022 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) yesterday calling for accountability for the Turkish Grey Wolves. Specifically, her amendment calls on Secretary of State Antony Blinken to report about what actions Turkey’s Grey Wolves have “undertaken against US interests, allies and international partners” and to state whether the Grey Wolves meet the criteria under U.S. law to be designated a Foreign Terrorist Organization.
Such action is long overdue."</ref>
In 2020, "the European Parliament has produced a report recommending that the Turkish far-right organisation linked to the National Movement Party (MHP), the Grey Wolves, be included on the EU list of terrorist organisations.
It has a significant following among (some) Turkish diaspora, especially in [[Germany]].<ref>Soeren Kern, Soeren. (June 6, 2021). [https://soerenkern.com/web/2021/06/21/germanys-largest-right-wing-extremist-group-is-turkish-not-german/ Germany’s Largest Right-Wing Extremist Group is Turkish not German]</ref>
It has a significant following among (some) Turkish diaspora, especially in [[Germany]].<ref>Soeren Kern, Soeren. (June 6, 2021). [https://soerenkern.com/web/2021/06/21/germanys-largest-right-wing-extremist-group-is-turkish-not-german/ Germany’s Largest Right-Wing Extremist Group is Turkish not German]</ref>
It is fascistic [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan|Erdogan]]'s long arm in the world.<ref>(Sep 20, 2021).
It is fascistic [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan|Erdogan]]'s long arm in the world.<ref>(Sep 20, 2021).
[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/will-the-grey-wolves-erdogans-long-arm-in-the-world-end-up-on-eu-and-us-terrorist-list/articleshow/86357785.cms Will the grey wolves- Erdogan's long arm in the world-end up on EU and US terrorist list? World]. ''Times of India''</ref>
[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/will-the-grey-wolves-erdogans-long-arm-in-the-world-end-up-on-eu-and-us-terrorist-list/articleshow/86357785.cms Will the grey wolves- Erdogan's long arm in the world-end up on EU and US terrorist list? World]. ''Times of India''</ref>
In their ideology, the Grey Wolves are characterised by a systematic denial of the [[Armenian Genocide]], which is why France decided to ban the extremist organisation in the country in 2020, following several demonstrations threatening the Armenian community.
Germany followed France's lead and passed a motion to ban the ultra-nationalist group following a resolution by the ruling coalition Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Social Democratic Party (SPD), as well as the opposition Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Greens, arguing that the ban is due to the group's racist, xenophobic and anti-democratic ideology, as well as "representing a threat to the security of the country".<ref>Sanz, Alba. (June 10, 2021). "Grey Wolves labelled as terrorist organisation by European Parliament." Atalayar.</ref>
In 2024, there was anger in Germany over a Turkish defender Merih Demiral making an "ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."<ref>(June 3, 2024). [https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240703-turkey-summons-german-envoy-in-row-over-demiral-s-nationalist-gesture Turkey summons German envoy in row over Demiral's nationalist gesture]. ''AFP''.
In 2024, there was anger in Germany over a Turkish defender Merih Demiral making an "ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."<ref>(June 3, 2024). [https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240703-turkey-summons-german-envoy-in-row-over-demiral-s-nationalist-gesture Turkey summons German envoy in row over Demiral's nationalist gesture]. ''AFP''.