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'''Amin Ruwayha / Ruwaiha''' (1901 Syria -1984 Lebanon) was an Arab writer and physician , born in the Syrian city of Latakia . He studied medicine at the universities of [[Vienna]] and [[Berlin]], and obtained a doctorate in medicine and a certificate of specialization in orthopedic surgery from the University of Munich in [[Germany]]. He practiced medicine in Egypt, the Hijaz, Iraq and Syria, and was the head physician at the military hospital in [[Damascus]].
He participated in national and nationalist work in the Levant and Iraq, and was connected to [[Grand Mufti|Hajj Amin al-Husseini]] . He participated in the founding of the fascist al ''Muthanna Club'' Party in 1935 in Baghdad, where he was one of the non-Iraqi founders of the club, along with the Palestinian Arab [[Akram Zuaiter]].<ref name=ape>Arab: "Amin Ruwaiha. (Arab) Palestinian Encyclopedia".</ref>
He worked with [[Fawzi al-Qawuqji]] in 1936 riots in [[Mandatory Palestine]] serving his
aide-de-campe, and in 1948<ref>Arab source "Palestine Srudies": MEMOIRS, 1948. PART I. FAUZI AL-QAWUQJI.<blockquote><small>
On April 6, 1948 alarming reports started reaching the Tulkarm front to the effect that Jewish forces were concentrating against it. This was the first reaction on the part of the Haganah High Command. I saw the picture clearly, and expected that the Jews would attack on this front to force me to reduce the blockade of Mishmar Ha'emek by withdrawing some of the forces fighting in this field.
I cabled to the Commander of the Front, Captain Madlul Abbas, to warn him to make preparations to confront the situation I anticipated with all available forces, and not to expect me to send either men or ammunition to reinforce him.
The Jerusalem area, which was not under my field command, had suffered a severe setback by the death on April 7, 1948 of its commander, 'Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini. In this critical situation I was visited by Dr. Amin Ruwayha with a delegation from Jerusalem who told me of the deteriorating situation there, and asked me to send reinforcements urgently. Dr. Ruwayha sent the following cable to Damascus:
146S 8/4
To Commander-in-Chief and Inspector-General
I returned today from the Qastal front. The death of 'Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini has caused confusion in the whole area. The commanders of companies and detachments who are his followers, and some of them his relations, request the High Command to immediately entrust Qawuqji with the protection of Qastal to allay fears in Jerusalem. Request you accede to their wishes at once, if only temporarily, to save the front from collapse.
AMIN RUWAYHA</small></blockquote></ref> Arab initiated war on the Jews in the holy land.
He participated in the pro-[[Nazi]] [[Rashid Ali al-Gaylani]]'s coup in [[Iraq]], and when it failed, he was arrested by the [[British]] and exiled to Rhodesia,<ref name=ape/> while Nazi Germany honored him in 1939. It had bestowed him Order of "Distinction."<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/newpalestine/1938/12/30/01/article/2 ''The New Palestine'', 30 December 1938 — NAZIS "HONOR" LEADER OF PALESTINE REBELS].
<blockquote><small>
Germany Bestows Order of "Distinction" — Victims Clamor for Entry.
JERUSALEM, Dec. 29 (Palcor). — The Nazis have conferred one of their most signal honors on one of the leaders who conducted the Arab revolt in Palestine, it was disclosed by the Arabic press here last Thursday, Dec. 29.
The man to be honored by the German Government is Dr. Amin Ruweihe, who now lives in Beirut, and who was the aide-de-campe to Fawzi Bey Kawkagi, self-styled "commander-in-chief" of the Arab rebellion in Palestine in 1936.
Following the collapse of that campaign. Dr. Ruweihe assisted in the organization of other Arab rebel activities in Palestine. It is suspected that he is now linked to inflammatory activities emanating from Beirut.
The Order of Distinction is the ribbon that Germany has pinned upon the man who has done so much to stir strife in Palestine.</small></blockquote>
[https://issuu.com/jewishpress7/docs/1939-01-06 The Nazis Decorate Arab Rebel Leader]. ''Jewish Press'', January 6, 1939.</ref>
He, among others had disseminated hatred which led to the tragic heinous Farhud pogrom on Iraqi [[Jews]] in 1941.
Others include: Dr. Fadil Al Jamali (Inspector General of the Ministry of Education), Dr. Saib Showkat (Director of Baghdad Central State Hospital), General Taha Al Hashimi (Chief of Staff ), General Salah Aldin Al Sabbagh. The Palestinians Fawzi Al-Qauqji [[Darwish Al Miqdadi]], Mufti Haj Amin Al Husseini together with the Syrians Farid Zayn Ad-Din.<ref name=farhud>
Cohen, H. J. (1966). The Anti-Jewish “Farhūd” in Baghdad, 1941. Middle Eastern Studies, 3(1), 2–17. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/42821840].
"The Syrians Farid Zayn ad-Din and Dr. Amin Ruwayha and the Palestinian Darwish al-Miqdadi were active..."
[https://midrash.org/articles/farhud/ Farhud]. Midrash.<blockquote><small>
C) Hatred of the Jews: stirred by several organizations headed by such prominent officials as Dr. Fadil Al Jamali (Inspector General of the Ministry of Education), Dr. Saib Showkat (Director of Baghdad Central State Hospital), General Taha Al Hashimi (Chief of Staff ), General Salah Aldin Al Sabbagh. The Palestinians Fawzi Al--Qauqji Darwish Al Miqdadi, Mufti Haj Amin Al Husseini together with the Syrians Farid Zayn Ad--Din and Dr. Amin Ruwayha were also very active in these organizations.
The driving force behind this anti British, anti Jewish, anti Zionist movement was the German embassy in Baghdad headed by Dr F. Grobba which generously supplied money, books and film.</small></blockquote>
[https://www.crethiplethi.com/remembering-the-farhud-the-mufti-inspired-krystallnacht-in-iraq/islamic-countries/iraq-islamic-countries/2010/ Remembering the Farhud – the Mufti Inspired Krystallnacht in Iraq]. Crethi Plethi. 1 June 2010.<blockquote><small>
Hatred of the Jews – stirred by several organizations headed by such prominent officials as Dr. Fadil Al Jamali (Inspector General of the Ministry of Education), Dr. Saib Showkat (Director of Baghdad Central State Hospital), General Taha Al Hashimi (Chief of Staff ), General Salah Aldin Al Sabbagh. The Palestinians Fawzi Al-Qauqji Darwish Al Miqdadi, Mufti Haj Amin Al Husseini together with the Syrians Farid Zayn Ad-Din and Dr. Amin Ruwayha were also very active in these organizations.</small></blockquote></ref>
Where, according to some, over 1,000<ref>Carole Basri, [https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/the-farhud-the-2-stage-ethnic-cleansing-of-iraqi-jewry/ First came the Farhud: The 2-stage ethnic cleansing of Iraqi Jewry], ''TOI'', June 2, 2021.</ref> were murdered. There were mass rapes and other brutality too.
=See also=
*[[Johann von Leers]]
*[[Fadhel al-Jamali]]
*[[Yunis al-Sabawi]]
*[[Nazism at Arab Palestinians]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ruwayha, Amin}}
[[Category:Syria]]
[[Category:Lebanon]]
[[Category:World War II]]
[[Category:Middle East]]
[[Category:Antisemitism]]
Created page with " '''Amin Ruwayha / Ruwaiha''' (1901 Syria -1984 Lebanon) was an Arab writer and physician , born in the Syrian city of Latakia . He studied medicine at the universities of V..."
'''Amin Ruwayha / Ruwaiha''' (1901 Syria -1984 Lebanon) was an Arab writer and physician , born in the Syrian city of Latakia . He studied medicine at the universities of [[Vienna]] and [[Berlin]], and obtained a doctorate in medicine and a certificate of specialization in orthopedic surgery from the University of Munich in [[Germany]]. He practiced medicine in Egypt, the Hijaz, Iraq and Syria, and was the head physician at the military hospital in [[Damascus]].
He participated in national and nationalist work in the Levant and Iraq, and was connected to [[Grand Mufti|Hajj Amin al-Husseini]] . He participated in the founding of the fascist al ''Muthanna Club'' Party in 1935 in Baghdad, where he was one of the non-Iraqi founders of the club, along with the Palestinian Arab [[Akram Zuaiter]].<ref name=ape>Arab: "Amin Ruwaiha. (Arab) Palestinian Encyclopedia".</ref>
He worked with [[Fawzi al-Qawuqji]] in 1936 riots in [[Mandatory Palestine]] serving his
aide-de-campe, and in 1948<ref>Arab source "Palestine Srudies": MEMOIRS, 1948. PART I. FAUZI AL-QAWUQJI.<blockquote><small>
On April 6, 1948 alarming reports started reaching the Tulkarm front to the effect that Jewish forces were concentrating against it. This was the first reaction on the part of the Haganah High Command. I saw the picture clearly, and expected that the Jews would attack on this front to force me to reduce the blockade of Mishmar Ha'emek by withdrawing some of the forces fighting in this field.
I cabled to the Commander of the Front, Captain Madlul Abbas, to warn him to make preparations to confront the situation I anticipated with all available forces, and not to expect me to send either men or ammunition to reinforce him.
The Jerusalem area, which was not under my field command, had suffered a severe setback by the death on April 7, 1948 of its commander, 'Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini. In this critical situation I was visited by Dr. Amin Ruwayha with a delegation from Jerusalem who told me of the deteriorating situation there, and asked me to send reinforcements urgently. Dr. Ruwayha sent the following cable to Damascus:
146S 8/4
To Commander-in-Chief and Inspector-General
I returned today from the Qastal front. The death of 'Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini has caused confusion in the whole area. The commanders of companies and detachments who are his followers, and some of them his relations, request the High Command to immediately entrust Qawuqji with the protection of Qastal to allay fears in Jerusalem. Request you accede to their wishes at once, if only temporarily, to save the front from collapse.
AMIN RUWAYHA</small></blockquote></ref> Arab initiated war on the Jews in the holy land.
He participated in the pro-[[Nazi]] [[Rashid Ali al-Gaylani]]'s coup in [[Iraq]], and when it failed, he was arrested by the [[British]] and exiled to Rhodesia,<ref name=ape/> while Nazi Germany honored him in 1939. It had bestowed him Order of "Distinction."<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/newpalestine/1938/12/30/01/article/2 ''The New Palestine'', 30 December 1938 — NAZIS "HONOR" LEADER OF PALESTINE REBELS].
<blockquote><small>
Germany Bestows Order of "Distinction" — Victims Clamor for Entry.
JERUSALEM, Dec. 29 (Palcor). — The Nazis have conferred one of their most signal honors on one of the leaders who conducted the Arab revolt in Palestine, it was disclosed by the Arabic press here last Thursday, Dec. 29.
The man to be honored by the German Government is Dr. Amin Ruweihe, who now lives in Beirut, and who was the aide-de-campe to Fawzi Bey Kawkagi, self-styled "commander-in-chief" of the Arab rebellion in Palestine in 1936.
Following the collapse of that campaign. Dr. Ruweihe assisted in the organization of other Arab rebel activities in Palestine. It is suspected that he is now linked to inflammatory activities emanating from Beirut.
The Order of Distinction is the ribbon that Germany has pinned upon the man who has done so much to stir strife in Palestine.</small></blockquote>
[https://issuu.com/jewishpress7/docs/1939-01-06 The Nazis Decorate Arab Rebel Leader]. ''Jewish Press'', January 6, 1939.</ref>
He, among others had disseminated hatred which led to the tragic heinous Farhud pogrom on Iraqi [[Jews]] in 1941.
Others include: Dr. Fadil Al Jamali (Inspector General of the Ministry of Education), Dr. Saib Showkat (Director of Baghdad Central State Hospital), General Taha Al Hashimi (Chief of Staff ), General Salah Aldin Al Sabbagh. The Palestinians Fawzi Al-Qauqji [[Darwish Al Miqdadi]], Mufti Haj Amin Al Husseini together with the Syrians Farid Zayn Ad-Din.<ref name=farhud>
Cohen, H. J. (1966). The Anti-Jewish “Farhūd” in Baghdad, 1941. Middle Eastern Studies, 3(1), 2–17. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/42821840].
"The Syrians Farid Zayn ad-Din and Dr. Amin Ruwayha and the Palestinian Darwish al-Miqdadi were active..."
[https://midrash.org/articles/farhud/ Farhud]. Midrash.<blockquote><small>
C) Hatred of the Jews: stirred by several organizations headed by such prominent officials as Dr. Fadil Al Jamali (Inspector General of the Ministry of Education), Dr. Saib Showkat (Director of Baghdad Central State Hospital), General Taha Al Hashimi (Chief of Staff ), General Salah Aldin Al Sabbagh. The Palestinians Fawzi Al--Qauqji Darwish Al Miqdadi, Mufti Haj Amin Al Husseini together with the Syrians Farid Zayn Ad--Din and Dr. Amin Ruwayha were also very active in these organizations.
The driving force behind this anti British, anti Jewish, anti Zionist movement was the German embassy in Baghdad headed by Dr F. Grobba which generously supplied money, books and film.</small></blockquote>
[https://www.crethiplethi.com/remembering-the-farhud-the-mufti-inspired-krystallnacht-in-iraq/islamic-countries/iraq-islamic-countries/2010/ Remembering the Farhud – the Mufti Inspired Krystallnacht in Iraq]. Crethi Plethi. 1 June 2010.<blockquote><small>
Hatred of the Jews – stirred by several organizations headed by such prominent officials as Dr. Fadil Al Jamali (Inspector General of the Ministry of Education), Dr. Saib Showkat (Director of Baghdad Central State Hospital), General Taha Al Hashimi (Chief of Staff ), General Salah Aldin Al Sabbagh. The Palestinians Fawzi Al-Qauqji Darwish Al Miqdadi, Mufti Haj Amin Al Husseini together with the Syrians Farid Zayn Ad-Din and Dr. Amin Ruwayha were also very active in these organizations.</small></blockquote></ref>
Where, according to some, over 1,000<ref>Carole Basri, [https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/the-farhud-the-2-stage-ethnic-cleansing-of-iraqi-jewry/ First came the Farhud: The 2-stage ethnic cleansing of Iraqi Jewry], ''TOI'', June 2, 2021.</ref> were murdered. There were mass rapes and other brutality too.
=See also=
*[[Johann von Leers]]
*[[Fadhel al-Jamali]]
*[[Yunis al-Sabawi]]
*[[Nazism at Arab Palestinians]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ruwayha, Amin}}
[[Category:Syria]]
[[Category:Lebanon]]
[[Category:World War II]]
[[Category:Middle East]]
[[Category:Antisemitism]]