For a time in the mid-12th century, large areas of northern England were effectively under Scottish control, due to much of England being in the grips of a civil war known as "the Anarchy" in the time of King Stephen. After persistent Scottish raids following English victory at the [[Battle of the Standard]] (1138), a peace treaty was signed at Durham, giving the Scottish King David control over Northumberland, except for the castles at Bamburgh and Newcastle; Hexhamshire was also excluded as at the time this was an independent county palatinate under the control of the Archbishop of York. At this time, Northumberland also included a detached part around the River Tees known as the Wapentake of Sadberge.<ref>[https://englandsnortheast.co.uk/england-in-scotland/ The North East England as Part of Scotland 1135-1157]</ref> | For a time in the mid-12th century, large areas of northern England were effectively under Scottish control, due to much of England being in the grips of a civil war known as "the Anarchy" in the time of King Stephen. After persistent Scottish raids following English victory at the [[Battle of the Standard]] (1138), a peace treaty was signed at Durham, giving the Scottish King David control over Northumberland, except for the castles at Bamburgh and Newcastle; Hexhamshire was also excluded as at the time this was an independent county palatinate under the control of the Archbishop of York. At this time, Northumberland also included a detached part around the River Tees known as the Wapentake of Sadberge.<ref>[https://englandsnortheast.co.uk/england-in-scotland/ The North East England as Part of Scotland 1135-1157]</ref> |